Q 1 :

If the domain of the function sin-1(3x-222x-19)+loge(3x2-8x+5x2-3x-10) is (α,β], then 3α+10β is equal to            [2024]

  • 95

     

  • 97

     

  • 98

     

  • 100

     

(2)

sin-1(3x-222x-19)+loge(3x2-8x+5x2-3x-10)

Since, -1≤sin-1x≤1

∴   -1≤3x-222x-19≤1

3x-222x-19+1≥0 and 3x-222x-19-1≤0

⇒3x-22+2x-192x-19≥0 and 3x-22-2x+192x-19≤0

⇒5x-412x-19≥0 and x-32x-19≤0

x∈(-∞,415]∪(192,∞) and x∈[3,192)

⇒x∈[3,415]                                          ...(i)

and 3x2-8x+5x2-3x-10>0 ; (3x-5)(x-1)(x-5)(x+2)>0

⇒x∈(-∞,-2)∪(1,53)∪(5,∞)                    ...(ii)

Taking intersection of individual domains

x∈(5,415]⇒α=5 and β=415

Hence, 3α+10β=15+82=97

 



Q 2 :

Given that the inverse trigonometric function assumes principal values only. Let x,y be any two real numbers in [-1,1] such that cos-1x-sin-1y=α, -π2≤α≤π. Then, the minimum value of x2+y2+2xy sinα is                   [2024]

  • -1

     

  • 0

     

  • 12

     

  • -12

     

(2)

cos-1x-π2+cos-1y=α

⇒cos-1x+cos-1y=π2+α

∴ π2+α∈(0,3π2)                          [∵α∈[-π2,π]]

       cos-1(xy-1-x21-y2)=π2+α

⇒xy-1-x21-y2=-sinα

⇒xy+sinα=1-x21-y2

⇒x2y2+sin2α+2xy sinα=1-x2-y2+x2y2

⇒x2+y2+2xy sinα=cos2α

Thus, required minimum value is 0.



Q 3 :

If the domain of the function f(x)=sin-1(x-12x+3) is R-(α,β), then 12αβ is equal to :                       [2024]

  • 24

     

  • 32

     

  • 40

     

  • 36

     

(2)

We have, f(x)=sin-1(x-12x+3), since domain of sin-1x is [-1,1],∀x.

⇒-1≤x-12x+3≤1⇒x-12x+3+1≥0 and x-12x+3-1≤0

⇒x-1+2x+32x+3≥0 and x-1-2x-32x+3≤0

⇒3x+22x+3≥0 and -x-42x+3≤0

Now, 3x+22x+3≥0⇒x<-32 or x≥-23

⇒x∈(-∞,-32)∪[-23,∞)

and -x-42x+3≤0⇒x≤-4 or x>-32

⇒x∈(-∞,-4]∪(-32,∞)

Hence, x∈(-∞,-4]∪[-23,∞) i.e., x∈R-(-4,-23)

So, Domain : R-(-4,-23)⇒α=-4 and β=-23

∴ 12×β=12×(-4)×(-23)=32



Q 4 :

Considering only the principal values of inverse trigonometric functions, the number of positive real values of x satisfying tan-1(x)+tan-1(2x)=π4 is:      [2024]

  • 1

     

  • more than 2

     

  • 2

     

  • 0

     

(1)

Given, tan-1(x)+tan-1(2x)=π4

⇒tan-1(3x1-2x2)=π4                                        (∵ tan-1x+tan-1y=tan-1(x+y1-xy))

⇒3x1-2x2=tanπ4⇒3x1-2x2=1⇒2x2+3x-1=0

⇒x=-3±174                  ∴ Possible value of x=-3+174

Hence, only 1 positive real value of x satisfies the equation.



Q 5 :

Let x=mn (m,n are co-prime natural numbers) be a solution of the equation cos(2sin-1x)=19 and let α,β(α>β) be the roots of the equation mx2-nx-m+n=0.  Then the point (α,β) lies on the line                    [2024]

  • 3x-2y=-2

     

  • 5x-8y=-9

     

  • 3x+2y=2

     

  • 5x+8y=9

     

(4)

We have, cos(2sin-1x)=19

Put sin-1x=θ

cos2θ=19⇒1-2sin2θ=19

⇒sinθ=23   (∵x>0 and sinθ lies in the first quadrant)

⇒x=23=mn.    So, m=2 and n=3

The given equation becomes, 2x2-3x-2+3=0

⇒2x2-3x+1=0⇒2x2-2x-x+1=0

⇒(2x-1)(x-1)=0 ⇒x=12 or x=1

⇒α=1 and β=12,which lies on the line 5x+8y=9



Q 6 :

If the domain of the function f(x)=cos-1(2-|x|4)+{loge(3-x)}-1 is [-α,β)-{γ}, then α+β+γ is equal to                   [2024]

  • 9

     

  • 8

     

  • 11

     

  • 12

     

(3)

We have, f(x)=cos-1(2-|x|4)+{loge(3-x)}-1

For f(x) be defined -1≤2-|x|4≤1

⇒-4≤2-|x|≤4⇒-6≤-|x|≤2

⇒6≥|x|≥-2

Since, |x|≥-2 so -6≤x≤6          ...(i)

Also, 3-x>0 and 3-x≠1

⇒x<3 and x≠2                              ...(ii)

Taking intersection of (i) and (ii), we get x∈[-6,3)-{2}

⇒α=6, β=3, and γ=2

⇒α+β+γ=6+3+2=11



Q 7 :

For α,β,γ≠0, if sin-1α+sin-1β+sin-1γ=π and (α+β+γ)(α-γ+β)=3αβ, then γ equals              [2024]

  • 32

     

  • 3

     

  • 12

     

  • 3-122

     

(1)

Given, sin-1α+sin-1β+sin-1γ=π

and (α+β+γ)(α+β-γ)=3αβ

Let sin-1α=A,  sin-1β=B,  sin-1γ=C

⇒A+B+C=π and (α+β+γ)(α+β-γ)=3αβ

     α2+β2+2αβ-γ2=3αβ,  α2+β2-γ2=αβ

     α2+β2-γ22αβ=12

⇒cosC=12⇒C=60°⇒sinC=32=γ

So, γ=32



Q 8 :

If a=sin-1(sin(5)) and b=cos-1(cos(5)), then a2+b2 is equal to                      [2024]

  • 25

     

  • 8π2-40π+50

     

  • 4π2-20π+50

     

  • 4π2+25

     

(2)

We have, a=sin-1(sin(5)) and b=cos-1(cos(5))

⇒a=-2π+5                     (∵ sin-1(sinx)=-2π+x, if 3π2≤x≤5π2)

b=2π-5,                           (∵ cos-1(cosx)=2π-x, π≤x≤2π)

∴   a2+b2=(-2π+5)2+(2π-5)2

=4π2+25-20π+4π2+25-20π=8π2-40π+50



Q 9 :

For n∈N, if cot-13+cot-14+cot-15+cot-1n=π4, then n is equal to ______.           [2024]



(47)

cot-13+cot-14+cot-15+cot-1n=π4

⇒tan-113+tan-114+tan-115+tan-11n=π4

⇒tan-1(13+141-112)+tan-115+tan-11n=π4

⇒tan-1(711)+tan-115+tan-11n=tan-11

⇒tan-1((711+15)1-711·15)+tan-11n=tan-11

⇒tan-1(2324)+tan-11n=tan-11

⇒tan-11n=tan-11-tan-12324

⇒tan-11n=tan-1(1-23241+2324)⇒1n=147⇒n=47



Q 10 :

Let the inverse trigonometric functions take principal values. The number of real solutions of the equation 2sin-1x+3cos-1x=2π5, is _____.    [2024]



(0)

We have, 2sin-1x+3cos-1x=2π5

⇒2(π2-cos-1x)+3cos-1x=2π5

⇒π+cos-1x=2π5 ⇒ cos-1x=-3π5

Which is not possible as cos-1x∈[0,π]

∴No solution exists.

 



Q 11 :

If the domain of the function f(x)=loge(2x+34x2+x-3)+cos-1(2x-1x+2) is (α,β],  then the value of 5β-4α is equal to              [2024]

  • 12

     

  • 10

     

  • 11

     

  • 9

     

(1)

Given function,

f(x)=loge(2x+34x2+x-3)+cos-1(2x-1x+2)

Here, log(2x+34x2+x-3) will be defined, if

2x+34x2+x-3>0⇒2x+3(4x-3)(x+1)>0

∴  x∈(-32,-1)∪(34,∞)                                           ...(i)

Also, cos-1(2x-1x+2) will be defined, if -1≤2x-1x+2≤1⇒0≤3x+1x+2

∴  x∈([-∞,-2]∪[-13,∞])                                ...(ii)

Also, x-3x+2≤0

∴   x∈[-2,3]                                                             ...(iii)

From (i), (ii) and (iii), we get

β=3 and α=34⇒5β-4α=12



Q 12 :

Considering the principal values of the inverse trigonometric functions, sin–1(32x+121–x2), –12<x<12, is equal to          [2025]

  • –5π6–sin–1x

     

  • π4+sin–1x

     

  • 5π6–sin–1x

     

  • π6+sin–1x

     

(4)

Let sin–1x=θ,–π4<θ<π4

⇒ x=sinθ

Now, sin–1(32x+121–x2)

=sin–1(sinθ cosπ6+cosθ sinπ6)

=sin–1(sin(θ+π6))=θ+π6=sin–1x+π6



Q 13 :

The sum of the infinite series cot–1(74)+cot–1(194)+cot–1(394)+cot–1(674)+... is:          [2025]

  • π2+cot–1(12)

     

  • π2–tan–1(12)

     

  • π2+tan–1(12)

     

  • π2–cot–1(12)

     

(2)

The given infinite series is :

cot–1(74)+cot–1(194)+cot–1(394)+cot–1(674)+...

⇒ Tn=cot–1(4n2+34)

               =tan–1(44n2+3)=tan–1(1n2+34)

               =tan–1(1n2–14+1)=tan–1((n+12)–(n–12)1+(n+12)(n–12))

               =tan–1(n+12)–tan–1(n–12)

T1=tan–132–tan–112

T2=tan–152–tan–132 and so on.

∴ ∑r=1nTr=tan–1(n+12)–tan–112

      as n→∞

∑r=1∞Tr=π2–tan–112



Q 14 :

The value of cot–1(1+tan2(2)–1tan(2))–cot–1(1+tan2(12)+1tan(12)) is equal to          [2025]

  • π+32

     

  • π–54

     

  • π–32

     

  • π+52

     

(2)

We have,

cot–1(1+tan2(2)–1tan(2))–cot–1(1+tan2(12)+1tan(12))

=cot–1(|sec(2)|–1tan(2))–cot–1(|sec(12)|+1tan(12))

=cot–1(–1–cos2sin2)–cot–1(1+cos(12)sin(12))

=cot–1(–2cos2(1)2cos(1)sin(1))–cot–1(2cos2(14)2cos(14)sin(14))

=cot–1(cot(–1))–cot–1(cot14)

=π–1–14=π–54.



Q 15 :

Let the domains of the functions f(x)=log4log3 log7(8–log2(x2+4x+5)) and g(x)=sin–1(7x+10x–2) be (α,β) and [γ,δ], respectively. Then α2+β2+γ2+δ2 is equal to :           [2025]

  • 13

     

  • 16

     

  • 15

     

  • 14

     

(3)

We have,

f(x)=log4log3log7(8–log2(x2+4x+5))

For f(x) to be defined we need,

log3log7(8–log2(x2+4x+5))>0

⇒log7(8–log2(x2+4x+5))>1

⇒ 8–log2(x2+4x+5)>7

⇒ log2(x2+4x+5)<1

⇒ x2+4x+5<2

⇒ x2+4x+3<0

⇒ (x+1)(x+3)<0

⇒ x∈(–3,–1) i.e., α=–3, β=–1          ... (i)

Also, x2+4x+5>0, but D=16–20=–4<0

Also, we have g(x)=sin–1(7x+10x–2)

⇒ –1≤7x+10x–2≤1 ⇒ –1≤7(x–2)+24x–2≤1

⇒ –8≤24x–2≤–6 ⇒ 1–6≤x–224≤1–8

⇒ –4≤x–2≤–3 ⇒ –2≤x≤–1

⇒ x∈[–2,–1] i.e., γ=–2, δ=–1

∴ α2+β2+γ2+δ2=(–3)2+(–1)2+(–2)2+(–1)2=15

 



Q 16 :

Using the principal values of the inverse trigonometric functions, the sum of the maximum and the minimum values of 16((sec–1x)2+(cosec–1x)2) is :          [2025]

  • 22π2

     

  • 24π2

     

  • 18π2

     

  • 31π2

     

(1)

f(x)=16((sec–1x)2+(cosec–1x)2)

            =16[(sec–1x+cosec–1x)2–2sec–1x cosec–1x]

            =16[(π2)2–2(π2–cosec–1x)cosec–1x]

             =16[π24–π cosec–1x+2(cosec–1x)2]

              =32[(cosec–1x)2–π2cosec–1x+π28]

⇒ f(x)=32[(cosec–1x–π4)2+π216]

f(x) is maximum when x = –1

∴  fmax=32×10π216

f(x) is minimum when x=2

∴  fmin=32×π216

∴  Required sum =32×10π216+32×π216=22π2



Q 17 :

If π2≤x≤3π4, then cos–1(1213cosx+513sinx) is equal to          [2025]

  • x–tan–1512

     

  • x+tan–1512

     

  • x+tan–145

     

  • x–tan–143

     

(1)

Given, π2≤x≤3π4

Let cosα=1213        [∴ cos–1(1213cosx+513sinx)]

=cos–1(cosx cosα+sinx sinα)=cos–1(cos(x–α))=x–α

=x–tan–1(512)



Q 18 :

If α>β>γ>0, then the expression cot–1{β+(1+β2)(α–β)}+cot–1{γ+(1+γ2)(β–γ)}+cot–1{α+(1+α2)(γ–α)} is equal to:          [2025]

  • 3π

     

  • 0

     

  • π2–(α+β+γ)

     

  • π

     

(4)

β+(1+β2)α–β=αβ–β2+1+β2α–β=αβ+1α–β

Similarly, γ+(1+γ2)β–γ=βγ+1β–γ and α+(1+α2)γ–α=αγ+1γ–α

∴ cot–1(αβ+1α–β)+cot–1(βγ+1β–γ)+cot–1(αγ+1γ–α)

=tan–1(α–β1+αβ)+tan–1(β–γ1–βγ)+π–cot–1(αγ+1α–γ)

=tan–1(α–β1+αβ)+tan–1(β–γ1+βγ)–tan–1(–γ+α1+γα)+π

=tan–1(α)–tan–1(β)+tan–1(β)–tan–1(γ)+tan–1(γ)–tan–1(α)+π=π



Q 19 :

cos(sin–135+sin–1513+sin–13365) is equal to :          [2025]

  • 1

     

  • 0

     

  • 3265

     

  • 3365

     

(2)

cos(sin–135+sin–1513+sin–13365)

=cos(tan–134+tan–1512+tan–13356)

=cos(tan–1(34+512)(1–34·512)+tan–13356)

=cos(tan–15633+tan–13356)

=cos[cot–1(3356)+tan–1(3356)]

=cos(π2)=0          (∵ tan–1x + cot–1x=π2)



Q 20 :

Let [x] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to x. Then the domain of f(x) = sec–1(2[x] + 1) is :          [2025]

  • (–∞,∞)

     

  • (–∞,∞)–{0}

     

  • (–∞,–1]∪[0,∞)

     

  • (–∞,–1]∪[1,∞)

     

(1)

We have, 2[x]+1≤–1 or 2[x]+1≥1

⇒ [x]≤–1 or [x]≥0

⇒ x∈(–∞,0) or x∈[0,∞)

⇒ x∈(–∞,∞)



Q 21 :

If y=cos(π3+cos–1x2), then (x–y)2+3y2 is equal to           [2025]



(3)

We have, y=cos(π3+cos–1x2)

=cosπ3cos(cos–1x2)–sinπ3sin(cos–1x2)

=12×x2–32sin(sin–11–x24)

=x4–324–x22

⇒ 4y=x–3(4–x2) ⇒ (x–4y)=3(4–x2)

On squaring both sides, we get

x2+16y2–8xy=12–3x2

⇒ 4x2+16y2–8xy=12 ⇒ x2+4y2–2xy=3

∴ (x–y)2+3y2=3



Q 22 :

Let the domain of the function f(x)=cos–1(4x+53x–7) be [α,β] and the domain of g(x)=log2(2–6 log27(2x+5)) be (γ,δ). Then |7(α+β)+4(γ+δ)| is equal to __________.         [2025]



(96)

We have, f(x)=cos–1(4x+53x–7)

Since, domain of cos—1x is [–1, 1].

∴ –1≤4x+53x–7≤1

For, 4x+53x–7≥–1 ⇒ 4x+5+3x–73x–7≥0

⇒ 7x–23x–7≥0 ⇒x∈(–∞,27]∪(73,∞)           ... (i)

Now, for 4x+53x–7≤1 ⇒ 4x+5–3x+73x–7≤0

⇒ x+123x–7≤0 ⇒x∈[–12,73)           ... (ii)

On combining (i) and (ii), we get domain of f(x) is [–12,27].

∴ α=–12 and β=27

Now, g(x)=log2(2–6 log27(2x+5))

For g(x) to be defined, we have

2–6 log27(2x+5)>0 ⇒ 6 log27(2x+5)<2

⇒ log27(2x+5)<13 ⇒ (2x+5)<(27)13

⇒ 2x+5<3 ⇒ 2x<–2 ⇒ x<–1

Also, 2x + 5 > 0          [For log27(2x+5) to be defined]

⇒ x>–52

∴  Domain of g(x) is (–52,–1)          ∴  γ=–52 and δ=–1

∴ |7(α+β)+4(γ+δ)|=|7(–12+27)+4(–52–1)|

                                                                =|–82–14|=96



Q 23 :

If for some α,β;α≤β,α+β=8 and sec2(tan–1α)+cosec2(cot–1β)=36, then α2+β is __________.          [2025]



(14)

Given, sec2(tan–1α)+cosec2(cot–1β)=36

∴ 1+tan2(tan–1α)+1+cot2(cot–1β)=36

⇒ α2+β2=34

Given, α+β=8          ... (i)

⇒ α2+β2+2αβ=64

⇒ 2αβ=30 ⇒ αβ=15

∴ β–α=(α+β)2–4αβ          [∵ β≥α]

β–α=2          ... (ii)

From (i) and (ii), we get

α=3, β=5

∴ α2+β=9+5=14



Q 24 :

Let S={x : cos–1x=π+sin–1x+sin–1(2x+1)}. Then ∑x∈S(2x–1)2 is equal to __________.          [2025]



(5)

We have, cos–1x=π+sin–1x+sin–1(2x+1)

⇒ 2cos–1x–sin–1(2x+1)=3π2

⇒ 2α–β=3π2, where cos–1x=α, sin–1(2x+1)=β

⇒ 2α=3π2+β ⇒ cos 2α=sin β ⇒ 2cos2α–1=sinβ

⇒ 2x2–1=2x+1          [∵ x=cosα and 2x+1=sinβ]

⇒ x2–x–1=0

⇒ x=1±52

⇒ x=1–52          (∵ x=1+52 rejected as cosα≤1)

Now, ∑x∈S(2x–1)2=∑x∈S(4x2+1–4x)=5



Q 25 :

The range of f(x)=4sin-1(x2x2+1) is                [2023]

  • [0,2π)

     

  • [0,π]

     

  • [0,2π]

     

  • [0,π)

     

(1)

Given,  4sin-1(x2x2+1)

x2x2+1=x2+1-1x2+1=1-1x2+1

x2≥0; x2+1≥1  ∴  0<1x2+1≤1⇒-1≤-1x2+1<0;

0≤1-1x2+1<1; 0≤4sin-1(x2x2+1)<2π



Q 26 :

Let S  be the set of all solutions of the equation cos-1(2x)-2cos-1(1-x2)=π, x∈[-12, 12]. Then ∑x∈S2sin-1(x2-1) is equal to            [2023]

  • 0

     

  • -2π3

     

  • π-2sin-1(34)

     

  • π-sin-1(34)

     

(2)

 



Q 27 :

Let S={ x∈R:0<x<1 and 2tan-1(1-x1+x)=cos-1(1-x21+x2)}. If n(S) denotes the number of elements in S, then             [2023]

  • n(S)=2 and only one element in S is less than 12

     

  • n(S)=1 and the element in S is less than 12

     

  • n(S)=1 and the element in S is more than 12

     

  • n(S)=0

     

(2)

0<x<1

2tan-1(1-x1+x)=cos-1(1-x21+x2)                        ...(i)

Let tan-1x=θ∈(0,π4)⇒x=tanθ

⇒2tan-1(tan(π4-θ))=cos-1(cos2θ)

⇒2(π4-θ)=2θ

⇒4θ=π2  ∴ θ=π8  x=tanπ8⇒x=2-1≃0.414



Q 28 :

tan-1(1+33+3)+sec-1(8+436+33) is equal to              [2023]

  • π2

     

  • π4

     

  • π6

     

  • π3

     

(4)

tan-1(1+33+3)+sec-1(8+436+33)

tan-1(1+33(3+1))+tan-1(2+36+33)

tan-1(13)+tan-1(2+33(2+3))

tan-1(13)+tan-1(13)=π6+π6=π3



Q 29 :

If the domain of the function f(x)=loge(4x2+11x+6)+sin-1(4x+3)+cos-1(10x+63) is (α,β], then 36|α+β| is equal to          [2023]

  • 45

     

  • 63

     

  • 72

     

  • 54

     

(1)

We have,

f(x)=loge(4x2+11x+6)+sin-1(4x+3)+cos-1(10x+63)

Let f1(x)=loge(4x2+11x+6)

f2(x)=sin-1(4x+3)

and f3(x)=cos-1(10x+63)

Now, we will find the domain of f1,f2 and f3

Consider, f1(x)=log(4x2+11x+6)

Now, 4x2+11x+6>0

⇒  x>-11+121-968 and x<-11-121-968

⇒  x>-34 and x<-2

Consider, f2(x)=sin-1(4x+3)

So, -1≤4x+3≤1

⇒-4≤4x≤-2⇒-1≤x≤-12

∴  D(f2(x)) is [-1,-12]

Consider, f3(x)=cos-1(10x+63)

So, -1≤10x+63≤1

⇒-3≤10x+6≤3⇒-910≤x≤-310

⇒D(f3(x)) is [-910,-310]

Now, D(f(x)) is D(f1(x))∩D(f2(x))∩D(f3(x))

=(-∞,-2)∪(-34,∞)∩[-1,-12]∩[-910,-310]=(-34,-12]

So, α=-34 and β=-12

So, 36|α+β|=36|-34-12|=36×54=45



Q 30 :

If sin-1α17+cos-145-tan-17736=0, 0<α<13, then sin-1(sinα)+cos-1(cosα) is equal to              [2023]

  • 16-5π

     

  • 16

     

  • 0

     

  • π

     

(4)

We have,

sin-1α17+cos-145-tan-17736=0;  0<α<13

⇒sin-1α17=tan-17736-cos-145=tan-17736-sin-135

⇒α17=sin(tan-17736-sin-135)

=sin(tan-17736)·cos(sin-135)-cos(tan-17736)sin(sin-135)

⇒α17=sin(sin-17785)·cos(cos-145)-cos(cos-13685)(35)

            =7785×45-3685×35⇒α=8

Now, sin-1(sinα)+cos-1(cosα)=sin-1(sin8)+cos-1(cos8)

       =3π-8+8-2π [∵ 3π-8∈[-π2,π2]]=π