(1)

Datura is an example of actinomorphic flower, i.e., can be divided into two equal halves in any radial plane passing through the center. However, Cassia, Sesbania, and Pisum are zygomorphic flowers.

(1)

Monoadelphous - China rose

Diadelphous - Pea

Polyadelphous - Citrus

Epiphyllous - Lily

(4)

Both given figures (A) and (B) represent perigynous flowers characterized by the position of gynoecium in the center and other floral parts on the rim of the thalamus almost at the same level. This is observed in plum, rose, and peach.

(1)

(1)

In Calotropis, sepals or petals in a whorl just touch one another at the margin, without overlapping. This type of aestivation is called valvate.

(4)

In flowers of pea, there are five petals which are arranged in a specialised manner. The largest (standard) posterior petal overlaps the two lateral petals (wings), which in turn overlap the two smallest anterior petals (keel). This type of aestivation is known as vexillary or papilionaceous.

(4)

(2)

When placenta is axial and the ovules are attached to it in a multilocular ovary, the placentation is said to be axile, as in China rose, tomato, Petunia, and lemon. Dianthus and Primrose have free central placentation. Pea, beans, and lupin have marginal placentation, while mustard and cucumber have parietal placentation.

(2)

Zygomorphic flower can be divided into two similar halves only in one particular vertical plane, e.g., Gulmohar, Cassia. Flowers of mustard, Datura, and chilly are actinomorphic. Actinomorphic flowers can be divided into two equal radial halves in any radial plane passing through the centre.

(2)

Colchicum autumnale, Allium cepa, and Solanum nigrum show valvate aestivation.

(4)

Pea (Pisum sativum) belongs to Family Fabaceae in which all stamens are united and form two bundles.

(1)

The ovary is inferior in ray florets of sunflower. It possesses an epigynous flower i.e., the margin of the thalamus grows upward enclosing the ovary completely and getting fused with it. The other parts of the flower arise above the ovary.

(4)

The ovary is superior in brinjal and mustard while it is inferior in sunflower.

(4)

Parietal placentation is found in a compound or syncarpous ovary. There are two or more longitudinal placentae or files of ovules attached to the ovary wall. The ovary is usually unilocular but becomes falsely two or more locular due to the ingrowth of placentae or formation of false septa.

(3)

(2)

Polyadelphous condition represents cohesion of stamens. In this condition, stamens of a flower are fused by their filaments only to form many groups, e.g., Citrus.

(2)

(1)

The flowers of Brassica are radially symmetrical, whereas flowers of Trifolium, Pisum, and Cassia are zygomorphic.

(1)

Free central placentation is found in Dianthus. Parietal placentation is present in Argemone and Brassica, whereas Citrus has axile placentation in the ovary.

(1)

The posterior large bilobed petal of a papilionaceous corolla is called standard or vexillum. It overlaps the two smaller lateral petals known as wings or alae.

(4)

China rose, mustard, brinjal, potato, onion, and tulip are the plants that have a superior ovary, whereas in guava and cucumber, the ovary is inferior.

(4)

Axile placentation occurs in syncarpous pistils. The ovary is partitioned into two or more chambers. Placentae occur in the central region where the septa meet so that an axile column bearing ovules is formed, e.g., shoe flower (pentalocular), lemon (multilocular), etc.

(4)

The flowers of Family Papilionaceae have butterfly-shaped corolla (papilionaceous corolla). The posterior or outermost petal is the largest and is called the standard or vexillum, two lateral petals are similar and generally clawed, called wings or alae, and the two anterior petals called keel are fused, enclosing stamens and carpels. This type of petal arrangement is found in bean, gram, pea, Indigofera, etc.

(2)

Aestivation is the arrangement of accessory floral organs (sepals or petals) in relation to one another in the floral bud. It may be of open, valvate, twisted, or imbricate type. In imbricate aestivation, there is an irregular overlapping of petals or sepals by one another. Cassia, Gulmohar, etc., show imbricate aestivation.

(4)

The floral formula symbol $\oplus$ is used for actinomorphic flower, while % is used for zygomorphic flower.

The symbol G represents gynoecium and $\underset{-}{G}$ symbol represent superior ovary, while inferior ovary is represented by $\stackrel{-}{G}$ .

Thus, statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct.

(3)

Zygomorphic flowers can be divided into two equal halves by only a single vertical plane and shows bilateral symmetry.

Pea possess zygomorphic flowers.

Chilli, Petunia and Datura possess actinomorphic flowers.