Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Humans modify the environment around them through agriculture and urbanisation as the major activities. Human impact on the environment is so substantial that there is nothing left called pristine nature or ecosystems untouched by human intervention. The major impact of these interventions is ever increasing levels of all forms of pollution on our Earth. Waste disposal and depletion of ozone layer are two major concerns in this world.

(i) Which one of the following sentences is not true about ozone?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Humans modify the environment around them through agriculture and urbanisation as the major activities. Human impact on the environment is so substantial that there is nothing left called pristine nature or ecosystems untouched by human intervention. The major impact of these interventions is ever increasing levels of all forms of pollution on our Earth. Waste disposal and depletion of ozone layer are two major concerns in this world.

(ii) Which one of the below given reasons holds good for increase in the amount of waste generated by humans?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Humans modify the environment around them through agriculture and urbanisation as the major activities. Human impact on the environment is so substantial that there is nothing left called pristine nature or ecosystems untouched by human intervention. The major impact of these interventions is ever increasing levels of all forms of pollution on our Earth. Waste disposal and depletion of ozone layer are two major concerns in this world.

(iii) An environment enthusiast would certainly not choose one of these for a tea party at her home.

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Humans modify the environment around them through agriculture and urbanisation as the major activities. Human impact on the environment is so substantial that there is nothing left called pristine nature or ecosystems untouched by human intervention. The major impact of these interventions is ever increasing levels of all forms of pollution on our Earth. Waste disposal and depletion of ozone layer are two major concerns in this world.

(iv) Which of the following groups contains a non-biodegradable item?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Humans modify the environment around them through agriculture and urbanisation as the major activities. Human impact on the environment is so substantial that there is nothing left called pristine nature or ecosystems untouched by human intervention. The major impact of these interventions is ever increasing levels of all forms of pollution on our Earth. Waste disposal and depletion of ozone layer are two major concerns in this world.

(v) Which of the following waste management plans is likely to work the best?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The waste generated by humans has been detrimental to our environment and is causing threat to our ecosystem. We are generating too much trash and failing to deal with it in a sustainable way. Every day we are disposing tons and tons of non-biodegradable and unrecyclable waste into our oceans and landfills. Plastic waste is an example.

In 2017, the Environmental Protection Agency in the US calculated that the total generation of municipal solid waste in the United States in 2017 was 267.8 million tons; compared with 2015 levels, it was a 5.7 million increase.

(i) Non-biodegradable substances are:

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The waste generated by humans has been detrimental to our environment and is causing threat to our ecosystem. We are generating too much trash and failing to deal with it in a sustainable way. Every day we are disposing tons and tons of non-biodegradable and unrecyclable waste into our oceans and landfills. Plastic waste is an example.

In 2017, the Environmental Protection Agency in the US calculated that the total generation of municipal solid waste in the United States in 2017 was 267.8 million tons; compared with 2015 levels, it was a 5.7 million increase.

(ii) Which one of the following is not likely to happen in the case of solid waste disposal in landfills?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The waste generated by humans has been detrimental to our environment and is causing threat to our ecosystem. We are generating too much trash and failing to deal with it in a sustainable way. Every day we are disposing tons and tons of non-biodegradable and unrecyclable waste into our oceans and landfills. Plastic waste is an example.

In 2017, the Environmental Protection Agency in the US calculated that the total generation of municipal solid waste in the United States in 2017 was 267.8 million tons; compared with 2015 levels, it was a 5.7 million increase.

(iii) Humans are not supposed to get any energy by eating coal, because:

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The waste generated by humans has been detrimental to our environment and is causing threat to our ecosystem. We are generating too much trash and failing to deal with it in a sustainable way. Every day we are disposing tons and tons of non-biodegradable and unrecyclable waste into our oceans and landfills. Plastic waste is an example.

In 2017, the Environmental Protection Agency in the US calculated that the total generation of municipal solid waste in the United States in 2017 was 267.8 million tons; compared with 2015 levels, it was a 5.7 million increase.

(iv) Man-made plastics are not bio-degradable because:

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The waste generated by humans has been detrimental to our environment and is causing threat to our ecosystem. We are generating too much trash and failing to deal with it in a sustainable way. Every day we are disposing tons and tons of non-biodegradable and unrecyclable waste into our oceans and landfills. Plastic waste is an example.

In 2017, the Environmental Protection Agency in the US calculated that the total generation of municipal solid waste in the United States in 2017 was 267.8 million tons; compared with 2015 levels, it was a 5.7 million increase.

(v) The depletion in the Ozone layer is caused by ________.

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms and abiotic factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. The ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere comprising of living and non-living environment that interact by means of food chains and chemical cycles resulting in energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling to form a stable, self-supporting system.

(i) Which trophic level is incorrectly defined?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms and abiotic factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. The ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere comprising of living and non-living environment that interact by means of food chains and chemical cycles resulting in energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling to form a stable, self-supporting system.

(ii) The diagram below shows a food web from the sea shore.

The mussel can be described as:

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms and abiotic factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. The ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere comprising of living and non-living environment that interact by means of food chains and chemical cycles resulting in energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling to form a stable, self-supporting system.

(iii) The given figure best represents:

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms and abiotic factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. The ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere comprising of living and non-living environment that interact by means of food chains and chemical cycles resulting in energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling to form a stable, self-supporting system.

(iv) Consider the following statements concerning food chains:
(i) Removal of 80% tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
(ii) Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of herbivores.
(iii) The length of the food chains is generally limited to 3–4 trophic levels due to energy loss.
(iv) The length of the food chains may vary from 2 to 8 trophic levels.

Which two of the above statements are correct?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms and abiotic factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. The ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere comprising of living and non-living environment that interact by means of food chains and chemical cycles resulting in energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling to form a stable, self-supporting system.

(v) Which of the following groups of organisms are not included in the ecological food chain?