Our Environment Class 10 | NCERT Science Notes & Solutions

Q 1 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(i) While designing an aquarium what are the things you would like to include to make it a complete ecosystem?

Fishes, aquatic plants, pleco fish (algae eating fish), aerator, pebbles, fish food
Fishes, grass, plants, pleco fish (algae eating fish), fish food.
Fishes, plants, oxygen pump, food, stones.
Animals, fishes, plants, oxygen pump, food.

1

2

3

4

(1)

Q 2 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(ii) Which one of the following is not a producer?

Blue green algae
Cactus
Fungi
Spinach

1

2

3

4

(3)

Q 3 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(iii) Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and parasites all come under:

producers
consumers
ecosystem
food web

1

2

3

4

(2)

Q 4 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(iv) Which one is not true about an ecosystem?

Ecosystem consists of living and non-living things both.
Living organisms interact with each other.
Growth, reproduction, and other activities of living organisms are not affected by the abiotic components of ecosystem.
A garden is considered an ecosystem.

1

2

3

4

(3)

Q 5 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(v) Ecosystems can be of how many types?

Two types – man-made and natural
Two types – terrestrial and aquatic
Four types – forests, ponds, lakes, and garden
All of the above

1

2

3

4

(4)

Q 6 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(i) What is the name of the interrelation shown in this figure?

Food chain
Food web
Trophic level
Energy conservation

1

2

3

4

(2)

Q 7 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(ii) The series of branching lines shown in above figure appears in nature because:

the length and complexity of food chains vary.
each organism is generally eaten by two or more other kinds of organisms.
straight line food chains are not practically possible.
all of the above

1

2

3

4

(4)

Q 8 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(iii) Which one of the following is true for a food web?

Food web does not help in stabilising the ecosystem.
Secondary consumers cannot feed on other species in the event of decrease in population of prey.
A food web provides alternative pathways of food availability.
Food webs are straight.

1

2

3

4

(3)

Q 9 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):.

(iv) The main source of energy flowing in any food web is the:

animals
consumer
primary producer
sun

1

2

3

4

(4)

Q 10 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(v) In the picture shown above concentration of a chemical absorbed from soil is likely to be highest in:

wildflowers
grass
coyote
rabbit

1

2

3

4

(3)

Q 11 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The energy flow in the ecosystem is one of the major factors that support the survival of such a great number of organisms. For almost all organisms on earth, the primary source of energy is solar energy. It is amusing to find that we receive less than 50 per cent of the sun’s effective radiation on earth. When we say effective radiation, we mean the radiation, which can be used by plants to carry out photosynthesis.

(i) Every food chain in the ecosystem begins with ________. Which are the original?

saprophytes
parasites
producers
none of these

1

2

3

4

(3)

Q 12 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The energy flow in the ecosystem is one of the major factors that support the survival of such a great number of organisms. For almost all organisms on earth, the primary source of energy is solar energy. It is amusing to find that we receive less than 50 per cent of the sun’s effective radiation on earth. When we say effective radiation, we mean the radiation, which can be used by plants to carry out photosynthesis.

(ii) If 100 J energy is available at the producer level in a food chain then the energy available to the secondary consumer will be:

10 J
0.1 J
1 J
0.01 J

1

2

3

4

(3)

Q 13 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The energy flow in the ecosystem is one of the major factors that support the survival of such a great number of organisms. For almost all organisms on earth, the primary source of energy is solar energy. It is amusing to find that we receive less than 50 per cent of the sun’s effective radiation on earth. When we say effective radiation, we mean the radiation, which can be used by plants to carry out photosynthesis.

(iii) The constituents which do not form eco-system are:

Biotic constituents
Plastic bags
Abiotic constituents
All of the above

1

2

3

4

(2)

Q 14 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The energy flow in the ecosystem is one of the major factors that support the survival of such a great number of organisms. For almost all organisms on earth, the primary source of energy is solar energy. It is amusing to find that we receive less than 50 per cent of the sun’s effective radiation on earth. When we say effective radiation, we mean the radiation, which can be used by plants to carry out photosynthesis.

(iv) Which of the two sets belong to the same trophic level?

Frog : Lizard
Rabbit : Tiger
Vulture : Crow
Deer : Hawk

1

2

3

4

(1)

Q 15 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The energy flow in the ecosystem is one of the major factors that support the survival of such a great number of organisms. For almost all organisms on earth, the primary source of energy is solar energy. It is amusing to find that we receive less than 50 per cent of the sun’s effective radiation on earth. When we say effective radiation, we mean the radiation, which can be used by plants to carry out photosynthesis.

(v) A food chain comprising birds, green plants, fish and man. The concentration of harmful chemical entering the food chain will be maximum in:

plant
man
birds
fish

1

2

3

4

(2)

Q 16 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(i) How are the organisms on Block 1 level best described as:

primary consumers
secondary consumers
tertiary consumers
decomposers

1

2

3

4

(1)

Q 17 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(ii) In the figure given above what would be the amount of energy available at block 1 and block 2 levels if energy at producer level is 10,000 kcal?

1000 kcal and 100 kcal
100 kcal and 1000 kcal
10,000 kcal and 100 kcal
100 kcal and 10 kcal

1

2

3

4

(1)

Q 18 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(iii) What is represented by eagle at block 3?

Decomposers
Secondary consumers
Tertiary consumers
Predator

1

2

3

4

(3)

Q 19 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(iv) After solar energy enters our atmosphere, which statement does not hold good regarding subsequent events?

Most of the radiation is absorbed by the Earth’s surface and used to warm the surface.
Some of the solar radiation is reflected by Earth and atmosphere.
Some of the infra-red radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere and re-emitted in all directions by the green-house gases.
No infra-red radiation is emitted by Earth.

1

2

3

4

(4)

Q 20 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(v) Energy flow diagram definitely conveys all the points given below, except:

the flow of energy is multi-directional.
the energy captured by the autotrophs does not return to the solar input.
the energy that passes to the herbivores does not come back to the autotrophs.
the energy moves progressively through the various trophic levels and it is no longer available to the previous level.

1

2

3

4

(1)

Q 21 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Frothing in Yamuna:

The primary reason behind the formation of the toxic foam is high phosphate content in the wastewater because of detergents used in dyeing industries, dhobi ghats and households. Yamuna’s pollution level is so bad that parts of it have been labelled ‘dead’ as there is no oxygen in it for aquatic life to survive.

(i) Predict the pH value of the water of river Yamuna if the reason for froth is high content of detergents dissolved in it.

10–11
5–7
2–5
7

1

2

3

4

(1)

Q 22 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Frothing in Yamuna:

The primary reason behind the formation of the toxic foam is high phosphate content in the wastewater because of detergents used in dyeing industries, dhobi ghats and households. Yamuna’s pollution level is so bad that parts of it have been labelled ‘dead’ as there is no oxygen in it for aquatic life to survive.

(ii) Which of the following statements is correct for the water with detergents dissolved in it?

Low concentration of hydroxide ion $(O H ⁻)$ and high concentration of hydronium ion $(H ₃ O ⁺)$
High concentration of hydroxide ion $(O H ⁻)$ and low concentration of hydronium ion $(H ₃ O ⁺)$
High concentration of hydroxide ion $(O H ⁻)$ as well as hydronium ion $(H ₃ O ⁺)$
Equal concentration of both hydroxide ion $(O H ⁻)$ and hydronium ion $(H ₃ O ⁺)$

1

2

3

4

(2)

Q 23 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Frothing in Yamuna:

The primary reason behind the formation of the toxic foam is high phosphate content in the wastewater because of detergents used in dyeing industries, dhobi ghats and households. Yamuna’s pollution level is so bad that parts of it have been labelled ‘dead’ as there is no oxygen in it for aquatic life to survive.

(iii) The table provides the pH value of four solutions P, Q, R and S:

Solution pH value

P 2

Q 9

R 5

S 11

Which of the following correctly represents the solutions in increasing order of their hydronium ion concentration?

Solution	pH value
P	2
Q	9
R	5
S	11

P > Q > R > S
P > S > Q > R
S < Q < R < P
S < P < Q < R

1

2

3

4

(3)

Q 24 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Frothing in Yamuna:

The primary reason behind the formation of the toxic foam is high phosphate content in the wastewater because of detergents used in dyeing industries, dhobi ghats and households. Yamuna’s pollution level is so bad that parts of it have been labelled ‘dead’ as there is no oxygen in it for aquatic life to survive.

(iv) High content of phosphate ion in river Yamuna may lead to:

decreased level of dissolved oxygen and increased growth of algae.
decreased level of dissolved oxygen and no effect of growth of algae.
increased level of dissolved oxygen and increased growth of algae.
decreased level of dissolved oxygen and decreased growth of algae.

1

2

3

4

(1)

Q 25 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

Frothing in Yamuna:

The primary reason behind the formation of the toxic foam is high phosphate content in the wastewater because of detergents used in dyeing industries, dhobi ghats and households. Yamuna’s pollution level is so bad that parts of it have been labelled ‘dead’ as there is no oxygen in it for aquatic life to survive.

(v) If a sample of water containing detergents is provided to you, which of the following methods will you adopt to neutralise it?

Treating the water with baking soda.
Treating the water with vinegar.
Treating the water with caustic soda.
Treating the water with washing soda.

1

2

3

4

(2)

Q 26 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The amount of ozone in the atmosphere has begun to drop sharply from 1980s. This decrease has been linked to synthetic chemicals. In 1987, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) succeeded in forging an agreement to freeze harmful chemicals production at 1986 levels.

(i) At what level of atmosphere ozone layer is found?

Troposphere
Stratosphere
Biosphere
Ionosphere

1

2

3

4

(2)

Q 27 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The amount of ozone in the atmosphere has begun to drop sharply from 1980s. This decrease has been linked to synthetic chemicals. In 1987, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) succeeded in forging an agreement to freeze harmful chemicals production at 1986 levels.

(ii) At higher level of atmosphere radiations act upon oxygen molecule to form:

oxygen
ozone
carbon monoxide
all of these

1

2

3

4

(2)

Q 28 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The amount of ozone in the atmosphere has begun to drop sharply from 1980s. This decrease has been linked to synthetic chemicals. In 1987, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) succeeded in forging an agreement to freeze harmful chemicals production at 1986 levels.

(iii) What is the major cause of ozone depletion?

Chlorofluorocarbons
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons
Carbon tetrachloride and methyl chloroform
All of the above

1

2

3

4

(4)

Q 29 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The amount of ozone in the atmosphere has begun to drop sharply from 1980s. This decrease has been linked to synthetic chemicals. In 1987, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) succeeded in forging an agreement to freeze harmful chemicals production at 1986 levels.

(iv) Which of the following sources is responsible for the depletion of ozone layer?

All of the above

1

2

3

4

(4)

Q 30 :

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

The amount of ozone in the atmosphere has begun to drop sharply from 1980s. This decrease has been linked to synthetic chemicals. In 1987, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) succeeded in forging an agreement to freeze harmful chemicals production at 1986 levels.

(v) In which of the following countries Ozone hole has appeared?

Africa
North America
Japan
Antarctica

1

2

3

4

(4)

Topic Question Set

Q 1 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(i) While designing an aquarium what are the things you would like to include to make it a complete ecosystem?

Q 2 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(ii) Which one of the following is not a producer?

Q 3 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(iii) Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and parasites all come under:

Q 4 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(iv) Which one is not true about an ecosystem?

Q 5 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(v) Ecosystems can be of how many types?

Q 6 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(i) What is the name of the interrelation shown in this figure?

Q 7 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(ii) The series of branching lines shown in above figure appears in nature because:

Q 8 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(iii) Which one of the following is true for a food web?

Q 9 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):.

(iv) The main source of energy flowing in any food web is the:

Q 10 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(v) In the picture shown above concentration of a chemical absorbed from soil is likely to be highest in:

Q 16 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(i) How are the organisms on Block 1 level best described as:

Q 17 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(ii) In the figure given above what would be the amount of energy available at block 1 and block 2 levels if energy at producer level is 10,000 kcal?

Q 18 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(iii) What is represented by eagle at block 3?

Q 19 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(iv) After solar energy enters our atmosphere, which statement does not hold good regarding subsequent events?

Q 20 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(v) Energy flow diagram definitely conveys all the points given below, except:

Frothing in Yamuna:

Frothing in Yamuna:

Frothing in Yamuna:

Frothing in Yamuna:

Frothing in Yamuna:

Want Us to Email you About Special Offers & Updates?

Topic Question Set

Q 1 : Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): (i) While designing an aquarium what are the things you would like to include to make it a complete ecosystem?

Q 2 : Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): (ii) Which one of the following is not a producer?

Q 3 : Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): (iii) Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and parasites all come under:

Q 4 : Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): (iv) Which one is not true about an ecosystem?

Q 5 : Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): (v) Ecosystems can be of how many types?

Q 6 : Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): (i) What is the name of the interrelation shown in this figure?

Q 7 : Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): (ii) The series of branching lines shown in above figure appears in nature because:

Q 8 : Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): (iii) Which one of the following is true for a food web?

Q 9 : Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):. (iv) The main source of energy flowing in any food web is the:

Q 10 : Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): (v) In the picture shown above concentration of a chemical absorbed from soil is likely to be highest in:

Q 16 : Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): Energy flow and trophic levels (i) How are the organisms on Block 1 level best described as:

Q 17 : Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): Energy flow and trophic levels (ii) In the figure given above what would be the amount of energy available at block 1 and block 2 levels if energy at producer level is 10,000 kcal?

Q 18 : Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): Energy flow and trophic levels (iii) What is represented by eagle at block 3?

Q 19 : Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): Energy flow and trophic levels (iv) After solar energy enters our atmosphere, which statement does not hold good regarding subsequent events?

Q 20 : Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v): Energy flow and trophic levels (v) Energy flow diagram definitely conveys all the points given below, except:

Frothing in Yamuna:

Frothing in Yamuna:

Frothing in Yamuna:

Frothing in Yamuna:

Frothing in Yamuna:

Want Us to Email you About Special Offers & Updates?

Q 1 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(i) While designing an aquarium what are the things you would like to include to make it a complete ecosystem?

Q 2 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(ii) Which one of the following is not a producer?

Q 3 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(iii) Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and parasites all come under:

Q 4 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(iv) Which one is not true about an ecosystem?

Q 5 :

Take a look at the picture carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(v) Ecosystems can be of how many types?

Q 6 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(i) What is the name of the interrelation shown in this figure?

Q 7 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(ii) The series of branching lines shown in above figure appears in nature because:

Q 8 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(iii) Which one of the following is true for a food web?

Q 9 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):.

(iv) The main source of energy flowing in any food web is the:

Q 10 :

Study the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

(v) In the picture shown above concentration of a chemical absorbed from soil is likely to be highest in:

Q 16 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(i) How are the organisms on Block 1 level best described as:

Q 17 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(ii) In the figure given above what would be the amount of energy available at block 1 and block 2 levels if energy at producer level is 10,000 kcal?

Q 18 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(iii) What is represented by eagle at block 3?

Q 19 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(iv) After solar energy enters our atmosphere, which statement does not hold good regarding subsequent events?

Q 20 :

Refer the figure given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Energy flow and trophic levels

(v) Energy flow diagram definitely conveys all the points given below, except: