Match List I with List II. [2024]
| List I | List II | ||
| A. | Exophthalmic goiter | (I) | Excess secretion of cortisol, moon face and hyperglycemia |
| B. | Acromegaly | (II) | Hypo-secretion of thyroid hormone and stunted growth. |
| C. | Cushing’s syndrome | (III) | Hyper secretion of thyroid hormone and protruding eye balls |
| D. | Cretinism | (IV) | Excessive secretion of growth hormone |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
Given below are two statements: [2023]
Statement I: Parathyroid hormone acts on bones and stimulates the process of bone resorption.
Statement II: Parathyroid hormone along with Thyrocalcitonin plays a significant role in carbohydrate metabolism.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Statement I is correct but statement II is false.
Statement I is incorrect but statement II is true.
Both statement I and statement II are true.
Both statement I and statement II are false.
(1)
Parathyroid hormone along with TCT plays a significant role in calcium balance in the body.
Which of the following statements are correct with respect to the hormone and its function? [2023]
(A) Thyrocalcitonin (TCT) regulates the blood calcium level.
(B) In males, FSH and androgens regulate spermatogenesis.
(C) Hyperthyroidism can lead to goitre.
(D) Glucocorticoids are secreted in adrenal medulla.
(E) Parathyroid hormone is regulated by circulating levels of sodium ions.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
(C) and (E) only
(A) and (B) only
(B) and (C) only
(A) and (D) only
(2)
Goitre is caused due to deficiency of iodine in diet because iodine is needed for the synthesis of thyroid hormone. Hypothyroidism leads to goitre. Adrenal cortex of adrenal gland secretes glucocorticoids which regulates carbohydrate metabolism. The secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) is regulated by the circulating levels of calcium ions.
Which of the following are not under the control of thyroid hormone? [2023]
A. Maintenance of water and electrolyte balance
B. Regulation of basal metabolic rate
C. Normal rhythm of sleep-wake cycle
D. Development of immune system
E. Support the process of RBCs formation
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
C and D only
D and E only
A and D only
B and C only
Which of the following are not the effects of parathyroid hormone? [2022]
(A) Stimulates the process of bone resorption
(B) Decreases level in blood
(C) Reabsorption of by renal tubules
(D) Decreases the absorption of from digested food
(E) Increases metabolism of carbohydrates
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
(A) and (C) only
(B), (D) and (E) only
(A) and (E) only
(B) and (C) only
(2)
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases levels in the blood. It increases absorption from digested food. Thyroid hormones control metabolism of carbohydrates.
Presence of which of the following conditions in urine are indicative of diabetes mellitus? [2020]
Uremia and Ketonuria
Uremia and Renal Calculi
Ketonuria and Glycosuria
Renal calculi and Hyperglycaemia
(3)
Diabetes mellitus is associated with formation of harmful compounds known as ketone bodies, i.e., ketonuria and loss of glucose through urine, i.e., glycosuria.
Match the following columns and select the correct option. [2020]
| Column - I | Column - II | ||
| (A) | Pituitary gland | (i) | Grave’s disease |
| (B) | Thyroid gland | (ii) | Diabetes mellitus |
| (C) | Adrenal gland | (iii) | Diabetes insipidus |
| (D) | Pancreas | (iv) | Addison’s disease |
A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(ii)
A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iv)
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)
A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)
Select the correct statement. [2020]
Glucocorticoids stimulate gluconeogenesis.
Glucagon is associated with hypoglycemia.
Insulin acts on pancreatic cells and adipocytes.
Insulin is associated with hyperglycemia.
(1)
Glucocorticoids also stimulate gluconeogenesis, lipolysis and proteolysis; and inhibit cellular uptake and utilisation of amino acids. Insulin acts on hepatocytes and adipocytes. Glucagon is associated with hyperglycemia while insulin is associated with hypoglycemia.
Match the following hormones with their respective disease. [2019]
| (A) | Insulin | (i) | Addison’s disease |
| (B) | Thyroxin | (ii) | Diabetes insipidus |
| (C) | Corticoids | (iii) | Acromegaly |
| (D) | Growth hormone | (iv) | Goitre |
| (v) | Diabetes mellitus |
Select the correct option:
A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(iii)
A-(v), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iii)
A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(i)
A-(v), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(iii)
Which of the following hormones can play a significant role in osteoporosis? [2018]
Aldosterone and prolactin
Progesterone and aldosterone
Estrogen and parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid hormone and prolactin
(3)
Estrogen plays a central role in control of bone strength. In a healthy individual, bone mass is maintained by balanced activity of bone forming osteoblasts and bone resorbing osteoclasts. Both these cell types are reported to respond to estrogen. Estrogen promotes the activity of osteoblast and induces osteoclast apoptosis. After menopause the level of this hormone declines. Hence, in an ageing female osteoporosis occurs. Parathormone promotes mobilisation of calcium from bone into blood. Excessive activity of parathormone causes demineralisation of bone leading to osteoporosis.
