The number of ions from the following that have the ability to liberate hydrogen from a dilute acid is

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Solution

Q.
The number of ions from the following that have the ability to liberate hydrogen from a dilute acid is ___________ .

${Ti}^{2 +}, {Cr}^{2 +}$ and $V^{2 +}$ . [2024]

1 3

2 0

3 1

4 2

Ans.
(1)

$M^{2 +}$    $\to$ $M^{3 +} + e^{-}$ $E_{M^{3 +} / M^{2 +}}^{°}$

$H^{+} + e^{-}$    $\to$    $\frac{1}{2} H_{2}$ $E_{H^{+} / H_{2}}^{°}$

________________________________________

   $M^{2 +} + H^{+}$    $\to$ $M^{3 +} + \frac{1}{2} H_{2}$    $E_{reaction}^{°} = E_{H^{+} / H_{2}}^{°} - E_{M^{3 +} / M^{2 +}}^{°}$

If $M^{2 +}$ liberates hydrogen from dilute acid, then:

$E_{r e a c t i o n}^{°} = E_{H^{+} / H_{2}}^{\circ} - E_{M^{3 +} / M^{2 +}}^{\circ} > 0$

$0 - E_{M^{3 +} / M^{2 +}}^{\circ} > 0$

$E_{M^{3 +} / M^{2 +}}^{\circ} < 0$

   $As E_{{Ti}^{3 +} / {Ti}^{2 +}}^{\circ} = - 0.37 V, E_{V^{3 +} / V^{2 +}}^{\circ} = - 0.26 V, E_{{Cr}^{3 +} / {Cr}^{2 +}}^{\circ} = - 0.41 V$

${Ti}^{2 +}, V^{2 +} {and Cr}^{2 +}$ can liberate hydrogen from dilute acids.

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