Which of the following is a correct statement? [2019]
IUDs once inserted need not be replaced.
IUDs are generally inserted by the user herself.
IUDs increase phagocytosis of sperms in the uterus.
IUDs suppress gametogenesis.
The contraceptive ‘Saheli’ [2018]
blocks estrogen receptors in the uterus, preventing eggs from getting implanted
increases the concentration of estrogen and prevents ovulation in females
is an IUD
is a post-coital contraceptive
(1)
‘Saheli’ is a mini pill that contains a non-steroidal preparation called centchroman which is taken once in a week after an initial intake of twice a week dose for 3 months. It blocks estrogen receptors in the uterus hence alters uterine lining and prevents fertilised egg from being implanted.
The function of copper ions in copper releasing IUDs is [2017]
they inhibit gametogenesis
they make uterus unsuitable for implantation
they inhibit ovulation
they suppress sperm motility and fertilising capacity of sperms.
(4)
Copper releasing IUDs (i.e., CuT, LNG-20) are placed in the uterus of the females. They are efficient birth control methods. Copper ions released by them suppress motility and fertilising capacity of the sperms.
Which of the following is hormone-releasing IUD? [2016]
LNG-20
Multiload 375
Lippes Loop
Cu7
(1)
LNG-20 is the hormone releasing IUD, Multiload 375 and Cu7 are copper releasing IUDs and Lippes Loop is a non-medicated IUD.
Which of the following is incorrect regarding vasectomy? [2016]
No sperm occurs in seminal fluid
No sperm occurs in epididymis
Vasa deferentia is cut and tied
Irreversible sterility
(2)
Vasectomy is a surgical contraception method performed in males. In vasectomy, a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small cut on the scrotum. This prevents sperm transport. Vasectomy has a poor reversibility. There is no effect on libido and erectile functioning. Seminal vesicles are one pair of sac like structures which join vasa deferentia to form ejaculatory duct. They secrete seminal fluid which contains fructose, prostaglandins and clotting protein, but no sperms. In a male who has undergone vasectomy, the ejaculatory duct will receive seminal fluid but due to cut in vasa deferentia sperms will not be transported from epididymis hence the semen will lack sperms.
Which of the following approaches does not give the defined action of contraceptive? [2016]
Hormonal contraceptives - Prevent/retard entry of sperms, prevent ovulation and fertilisation
Vasectomy - Prevents spermatogenesis
Barrier methods - Prevent fertilisation
Intra uterine devices - Increase phagocytosis of sperms, suppress sperm motility and fertilising capacity of sperms
(2)
Vasectomy is a sterilisation technique for the males in which a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small cut on the scrotum to prevent passage of sperms. Spermatogenesis is the series of cell division in the testis that results in the production of spermatozoa or sperms.
Tubectomy is a method of sterilisation in which [2014]
small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up
ovaries are removed surgically
small part of vas deferens is removed or tied up
uterus is removed surgically
(1)
Sterilisation provides a permanent and sure birth control. In females, it is called tubectomy. Tubectomy involves the blocking of the fallopian tubes. A small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen or through vagina.
Which of the following is a hormone releasing Intra Uterine Device (IUD)? [2014]
Multiload 375
LNG - 20
Cervical cap
Vault
(2)
At present the most widely accepted method of contraception in India is IUDs. Intra uterine devices (IUDs) are plastic or metal objects which are inserted by doctors in the uterus through vagina. These are available as non-medicated IUDs (i.e., Lippes Loop), copper releasing IUDs (CuT, Cu7, Multiload 375) and hormone releasing IUDs (progestasert, LNG-20). Vault cap is hemispheric dome like rubber or plastic cap with a thick rim which is meant for fitting over the vaginal vault over the cervix. Cervical cap is a reusable rubber cup that fits tightly over the cervix.
