Q 21 :

The probability that the birthdays of six different persons will fall in exactly two calendar months

  • 342125

     

  • 341126

     

  • 341125

     

  • 342126

     

(3)

n(S)=126

Now, any two months can be chosen in C212 ways. The six birthdays can fall in these two months in 26 ways. Out of these 26 ways there are two ways when all the six birthdays fall in one month so favourable number of ways is C212×(26-2).

Hence required probability is

=C212×(26-2)126

=12×11×(26-2)2×126

=341125



Q 22 :

Two dice are thrown simultaneously to get the co-ordinates on x-y plane. Then the probability that this point lies inside or on the region bounded by |x|+|y|=3, is:

  • 314

     

  • 23

     

  • 112

     

  • 414

     

(3)

favorable points →(1,1) (1,2) (2,1)

Prob.=326=112



Q 23 :

Number of correct statements among the following is k. Then 3k is ________

Statement I:  For two given events A and B, P(A∩B) is not less than P(A)+P(B)-1.

Statement II:  The number of symmetric relations defined on the set {1,2,3,4} which are not reflexive is 20.

Statement III:  limn→∞{(a12-a13)(a12-a15)⋯(a12-a12n+1)}=0, if a>1.



(6)

Statement-I: Use addition theorem of probability

Statement-II: Total number of relation both symmetric and reflexive =2(n2-n2)

And total number of symmetric relation =2(n2+n2)

Then number of symmetric relation which are not reflexive=2n(n+1)2-2n(n-1)2

=210-26=1024-64=960



Q 24 :

Nine balls of the same size and colour, numbered 1,2,…,9, were put into an Urn. Now A draws a ball from Urn, noted that it is of number x, and puts it back. Then B also drawn a ball from the Urn and noted that it is of number y. Then probability that the inequality x-2y+10>0 to hold is

  • 5218

     

  • 5981

     

  • 6081

     

  • 6181

     

(4)

Since each has equally 9 different possible results for A and B to draw a ball from the packet independently, the total number of possible events is 92=81.

From a−2b+10>0, we get 2b<a+10. We find that when b = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, a can take any value from 1, 2, 3, ..., 9 to make the inequality hold. Then we have 9 × 5 = 45 admissible events.

When b = 6, a can be 3, 4, ..., 9 and there are 7 admissible events.

When b = 7, a can be 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and there are 5 admissible events.

When b = 8, a can be 7, 8, 9 and there are 3 admissible events.

When b = 9, a can be 9 and there is 1 admissible event.

So, the required probability is 45+7+5+3+181=6181



Q 25 :

Let N denotes the sum of the numbers obtained when two dice are rolled. If the probability that 2N<N! is mn, where m and n are coprime, then 4m-3n is equal to



(8)

2N<N!  Which is true when N≥4

N=1 (Not possible)

N=2 i.e., (1,1) (Not possible)

∴ required probability=36-336=3336=1112

∴ m=11 and n=12

Now, 4m-3n=4(11)-3(12)=44-36=8



Q 26 :

Let there be three independent events E1,E2 and E3. The probability that only E1 occurs is α, only E2 occurs is β and only E3 occurs is γ. Let 'p' denote the probability of none of events occurs that satisfies the equation (α-2β)p=αβ and (β-3γ)p=2βγ. All the given probabilities are assumed to lie in the interval (0, 1).

Then probability of occurrence of E1probability of occurrence of E3 is equal to

  • 9

     

  • 3

     

  • 7

     

  • 6

     

(4)

Let p(E1)=x,  p(E2)=y  and  p(E3)=z

α=p(E1∩E2¯∩E3¯)=p(E1)·p(E2¯)·p(E3¯)

⇒α=x(1-y)(1-z)    ……(i)

Similarly,

β=(1-x)y(1-z)    ……(ii)

γ=(1-x)(1-y)z    ……(iii)

p=(1-x)(1-y)(1-z)    ……(iv) and solve equation.



Q 27 :

An urn contains 7 white and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn at random and is put back into the urn along with 3 additional balls of the same colour as that of the ball drawn. A ball is again drawn at random. Then the probability that the ball drawn is white is

  • 732

     

  • 512

     

  • 712

     

  • 1025

     

(3)

W1=ball drawn in the first draw is white

W2=ball drawn in the second draw is white,  P(W1)=712

P(B1)=512,  P(W2/W1)=1015,  P(W2/B1)=715

P(W2)=P(W1)×P(W2/W1)+P(B1)×P(W2/B1)



Q 28 :

An urn contains 7 green and 5 yellow balls. Two balls are drawn at a time. The probability that both balls are of the same colour is

  • 133

     

  • 533

     

  • 722

     

  • 3166

     

(4)

Reqd. prob.=C27C212+C25C212=21+1066=3166



Q 29 :

Let two fair six-faced dice A and B be thrown simultaneously. If E1 is the event that die A shows up four, E2 is the event that die B shows up two, then which of the following statements is true?

  • E1 and E2 are exclusive

     

  • E2 and E1 are exhaustive

     

  • E1 and E2 are dependent

     

  • E1, E2 are independent

     

(4)

E1={(4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(4,4),(4,5),(4,6)}

E2={(1,2),(2,2),(3,2),(4,2),(5,2),(6,2)}

E3={(1,2),(1,4),(1,6),(2,1),(2,3),(2,5),(3,2),(3,4),(3,6),(4,1),(4,3),(4,5),(5,2),(5,4),(5,6),(6,1),(6,3),(6,5)}

     P(E1)=16;P(E2)=16;P(E3)=12

P(E1∩E2)=136,P(E2∩E3)=112,P(E1∩E3)=112

And P(E1∩E2∩E3)=0≠P(E1).P(E2).P(E3)

⇒0≠16.16.12⇒E1,E2,E3 are not independent.



Q 30 :

Two dice are rolled. If the probability of getting different numbers on these dice is pq where p,q are relatively prime then q-p is ____

  • 4

     

  • 3

     

  • 1

     

  • 2

     

(3)

P(E)=6×56×6=56



Q 31 :

A man throws a fair coin repeatedly. He gets 10 points for each head he throws and 5 points for each tail he throws. If the probability that he gets exactly 30 points is mn, gcd(m, n)=1, then m+n is equal to:            [2026]

  • 53

     

  • 55

     

  • 107

     

  • 105

     

(3)

A head gives 10 points, a tail gives 5 points.

For score to be 30,

HHH i.e., 30 pts = 1 way

TTTTTT i.e., 30 pts = 1 way

HHTT i.e., 4!2! 2!=6 ways

TTTTH i.e., 5!4!=5 ways

Required probability

=123+126+624+525=18+164+616+532

=8+1+24+1064=4364=mn      (∵Given)

∴  m=43, n=64

So, m+n=107



Q 32 :

A letter is known to have arrived by post either from KANPUR or from ANANTPUR. On the envelope just two consecutive letters AN are visible. The probability, that the letter came from ANANTPUR, is:         [2026]

  • 710

     

  • 1017

     

  • 1219

     

  • 719

     

(2)

Let E1 and E2 be the events that the letter is from KANPUR and ANANTPUR respectively.

Let A be the event that letters 'AN' are visible on the envelope.

P(E1)=12=P(E2)

The pairs in KANPUR are {KA,AN,NP,PU,UR} i.e., 5 in number.

The pairs in ANANTPUR are {AN, NA, AN, NT, TP, PU, UR} i.e., 7 in number.

So, P(A|E1)=15 and P(A|E2)=27

∴  P(E2A)=P(E1)P(AE1)P(E1)P(AE1)+P(E2)P(AE2)

=12×2712×15+12×27=1017



Q 33 :

The probabilities that players A and B of a team are selected for the captaincy for a tournament are 0.6 and 0.4, respectively. If A is selected the captain, the probability that the team wins the tournament is 0.8 and if B is selected the captain, the probability that the team wins the tournament is 0.7. Then the probability, that the team wins the tournament, is :               [2026]

  • 0.74

     

  • 0.76

     

  • 0.72

     

  • 0.78

     

(2)

Given, P(A selected)=0.6 and P(B selected)=0.4

Also, P(win|A)=0.8, P(win|B)=0.7

∴  P(win)=P(A)·P(winA)+P(B)·P(winB)

= (0.6)(0.8)+(0.4)(0.7)=0.48+0.28

= 0.76



Q 34 :

A bag contains (N+1) coins -N fair coins, and one coin with 'Head' on both sides. A coin is selected at random and tossed. If the probability of getting 'Head' is 916, then N is equal to :           [2026]

  • 5

     

  • 7

     

  • 8

     

  • 9

     

(2)

A bag has (N+1) coins i.e., N fair coins and 1 coin with 2 heads

Probability of getting head

=NN+1×12+1N+1×1

=N2(N+1)+1N+1=N+22(N+1)

Also, N+22(N+1)=916  (Given)

⇒16(N+22)=9(N+1)

⇒8N+16=9N+9⇒N=7



Q 35 :

A bag contains 6 blue and 6 green balls. Pairs of balls are drawn without replacement until the bag is empty. The probability that each drawn pair consists of one blue and one green ball is :            [2026]

  • 63925

     

  • 17231

     

  • 16231

     

  • 64925

     

(3)

Required probability

=C16×C16C212×C15×C15C210×C14×C14C28×C13×C13C26×C12×C12C24×C11×C11C22

=3666×2545×1628×915×46×11=16231



Q 36 :

A candidate has to go to the examination centre to appear in an examination. The candidate uses only one means of transportation for the entire distance out of bus, scooter and car. The probabilities of the candidate going by bus, scooter and car, respectively, are 25,15 and 25. The probabilities that the candidate reaches late at the examination centre are 15,13 and 14 if the candidate uses bus, scooter and car, respectively. Given that the candidate reached late at the examination centre, the probability that the candidate travelled by bus is :             [2026]

  • 1137

     

  • 1237

     

  • 1337

     

  • 1437

     

(2)

Let E1,E2,E3 be the events that candidate travel by bus, scooter and car respectively.

P(E1)=25,P(E2)=15,P(E3)=25 

Let 'A' be the event that candidate reaches late.

∴  P(AE1)=15, P(AE2)=13, P(AE3)=14

Now,

P(E1A)=P(E1)·P(AE1)P(E1)·P(AE1)+P(E2)·P(AE2)+P(E3)·(AE3)

=25×1525×15+15×13+25×14=1237



Q 37 :

Let a,b,c∈{1,2,3,4}. If the probability, that ax2+22bx+c>0 for all x∈R, is mn, gcd(m,n)=1, then m+n is equal to ________.           [2026]



(81) 

D<0  &  a>0 

⇒  (22)2b2-4ac<0⇒8b2-4ac<0

⇒  2b2<ac 

When b=1, ac>2 

then (a,c) = (1, 3), (3, 1), (1, 4), (4, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2), (2, 4), (4, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (4, 3), (4, 4) i.e., 13 pairs

When b=2, ac>8 

then (a,c) = (3, 3), (3, 4), (4, 3), (4, 4) i.e., 4 pairs

when b=3, ac>18, which is impossible

when b=4, ac>32, which is impossible

∴  Favourable cases = 13 + 4 = 17 

Total cases =43=64 

∴ Required probability =1764=mn (Given)

So, m+n=81



Q 38 :

A coin is tossed 8 times. If the probability that exactly 4 heads appear in the first six tosses and exactly 3 heads appear in the last five tosses is p, then 96p is equal to ________.         [2026]



(9) 

We have, n=8 

P(x=4 in the first 6 tosses)=C46(12)4(12)2

P(One head at 4th,5th or 6th toss)

=C13(12)(12)2×12×123=328

P(Two head at 4th,5th or 6th toss)

=C23(12)2(12)×C23(12)2×12×C12(12)(12)

=3×3×228=1828

P(Three head at 4th,5th & 6th toss)

=C33(12)3×C13(12)·(12)2×(12)2=328

Now, p=3+18+328=2428=4×2×328=332

Thus, 96p=96×332=9



Q 39 :

From a month of 31 days, 3 different dates are selected at random. If the probability that these dates are in an increasing A.P. is equal to ab, where a,b∈N and gcd (a, b)=1, then a+b is equal to ________.              [2026]



(944) 

n(s)=C331=31×30×293×2×1=4495

'3' selected dates are increasing order in A.P.

x, x+d, x+2d  d≥1 (common difference)

Here, x≥1 & x+2d≤31 

If d=1, then x≤29⇒29 choices for x 

If d=2, then x≤27⇒27 choices for x

       ⋮

If d=15, x≤1⇒1 choice for x

Total favourable cases,

n(E)=1+3+5+…+29

=152(29+1)=225

So, required probability =2254495=45899=ab        [∵ Given]

⇒  a=45, b=899

So, a+b=45+899=944