Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms and abiotic factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. The ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere comprising of living and non-living environment that interact by means of food chains and chemical cycles resulting in energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling to form a stable, self-supporting system.
(i) Which trophic level is incorrectly defined?
Carnivores – secondary or tertiary consumers
Decomposers – microbial heterotrophs
Herbivores – primary consumers
Omnivores – molds, yeast, and mushrooms
(4)
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms and abiotic factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. The ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere comprising of living and non-living environment that interact by means of food chains and chemical cycles resulting in energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling to form a stable, self-supporting system.
(ii) The diagram below shows a food web from the sea shore.
The mussel can be described as:
Producer
Primary consumers
Secondary consumer
Decomposer
(3)
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms and abiotic factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. The ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere comprising of living and non-living environment that interact by means of food chains and chemical cycles resulting in energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling to form a stable, self-supporting system.
(iii) The given figure best represents:
Grassland food chain
Parasitic food chain
Forest food chain
Aquatic food chain
(1)
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms and abiotic factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. The ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere comprising of living and non-living environment that interact by means of food chains and chemical cycles resulting in energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling to form a stable, self-supporting system.
(iv) Consider the following statements concerning food chains:
(i) Removal of 80% tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
(ii) Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of herbivores.
(iii) The length of the food chains is generally limited to 3–4 trophic levels due to energy loss.
(iv) The length of the food chains may vary from 2 to 8 trophic levels.
Which two of the above statements are correct?
(i), (iv)
(i), (ii)
(ii), (iii)
(iii), (iv)
(3)
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):
Biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms and abiotic factors from which they derive energy and nutrients. The ecosystem is defined as the structural and functional unit of the biosphere comprising of living and non-living environment that interact by means of food chains and chemical cycles resulting in energy flow, biotic diversity, and material cycling to form a stable, self-supporting system.
(v) Which of the following groups of organisms are not included in the ecological food chain?
Carnivores
Saprophytes
Herbivores
Predators
(2)