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Solution


Q.

Which of the following is the most important for animals and plants being driven to extinction                   [2019]
1 Alien species invasion  
2 Habitat loss and fragmentation  
3 Drought and floods  
4 Economic exploitation  

Ans.

(2)

Habitat loss and fragmentation is the most important cause of driving the animals and plants to extinction. When large habitats are broken into small fragments due to various human activities, mammals and birds requiring large territories and certain animals with migratory habitats are badly affected, leading to population declines. The same can be applicable to the plant (forest) loss and degradation as millions of species are being cut and cleared for the expansion of agricultural land, harvesting timber, forest fire, as well as overgrazing.