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Solution


Q.

Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine        [2015]
1 Renin  
2 Atrial-natriuretic factor  
3 Alcohol  
4 Caffeine  

Ans.

(1) 

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete an enzyme renin into blood. Renin changes plasma protein angiotensinogen to a peptide called angiotensin II. It increases the blood volume:
(i) by inducing proximal convoluted tubules to reabsorb more NaCl and water
(ii) stimulates the adrenal glands to release a hormone called aldosterone which induces the distal convoluted tubule to absorb more Na+ and water.