When water is filled carefully in a glass, one can fill it to a height above the rim of the glass due to the surface tension of water. To calculate just before water starts flowing, model the shape of the water above the rim as a disc of thickness havi

Question

When water is filled carefully in a glass, one can fill it to a height $h$ above the rim of the glass due to the surface tension of water. To calculate $h$ just before water starts flowing, model the shape of the water above the rim as a disc of thickness $h$ having semicircular edges, as shown schematically in the figure. When the pressure of water at the bottom of this disc exceeds what can be withstood due to the surface tension, the water surface breaks near the rim and water starts flowing from there. If the density of water, $10^{3} {kg m}^{- 3}, 0.07 {Nm}^{- 1}$ and $10 {ms}^{- 2},$ respectively, the value of $h$ (in mm) is _______. [2020]

Smart Achievers · Accepted Answer

(3.74)

$According to question, the water above the rim is a$ $disc of thickness h having semicircular edges.$

$r = \frac{h}{2}$

$Pressure at the bottom of disc = pressure due to surface tension$

$ρ g h = T (\frac{1}{R_{1}} + \frac{1}{R_{2}})$

$R_{1} ≫ R_{2}$ $∴$ $\frac{1}{R_{1}} ≪ \frac{1}{R_{2}} and R_{2} = \frac{h}{2}$

$∴$ $ρ g h = T [\frac{1}{R_{1}} + \frac{1}{R_{2}}] = T [0 + \frac{1}{h / 2}] = \frac{2 T}{h}$

$\Rightarrow h^{2} = \frac{2 T}{ρ g} \Rightarrow h = \sqrt{\frac{2 T}{ρ g}} = \sqrt{\frac{20 \times 0.07}{10^{3} \times 10}} = \sqrt{\frac{14 \times 100}{10^{4} \times 100}}$

$∴$ $h = \sqrt{14} mm = 3.741$

Solution

Want Us to Email you About Special Offers & Updates?