Q.

When a block of iron floats in mercury at  0°C, fraction k1 of its volume is submerged, while at the temperature 60°C, a fraction k2 is seen to be submerged. If the coefficient of volume expansion of iron is γFe and that of mercury is γHg, then the ratio k1k2 can be expressed as                     [2001]

1 1+60γFe1+60γHg  
2 1-60γFe1+60γHg  
3 1+60γFe1-60γHg  
4 1+60γHg1+60γFe  

Ans.

(1)

For equilibrium when temperature 0°C fig (a)

Upthrust=Wt. of body

   K1Vd2g=Vd1g

  K1=d1d2             (i)

For equilibrium when temperature increases to 60° fig. (b)

When the temperature is increased the density will decrease.

  d1'=d1(1+γFe×60)

and   d2'=d2(1+γHg×60)

Again upthrust = Wt. of body

  K2V'd2'g=V'd1'g

  K2[d21+γHg×60]=d11+γFe×60

  K2[1+γFe×601+γHg×60]=d1d2

  K1K2=1+γFe×601+γHg×60