Q.

The remainder, when 7103 is divided by 23, is equal to:          [2025]

1 6  
2 14  
3 9  
4 17  

Ans.

(2)

We have, 7103=7(7102)=7(343)34=7(3452)34

=7(2)34=7(2)34=7·22·232=28·(256)4=28(253+3)4

=28(3)4=28×81=(23+5)(69+12)=(5)(12)=60

   Remainder = 14.