Q.

Two trains A and B moving with speeds 20 m/s and 30 m/s respectively in the same direction on the same straight track, with B ahead of A. The engines are at the front ends. The engine of train A blows a long whistle.

Assume that the sound of the whistle is composed of components varying in frequency from f1 = 800 Hz to f2 = 1120 Hz, as shown in the figure. The spread in the frequency (highest frequency − lowest frequency) is thus 320 Hz. The speed of sound in still air is 340 m/s.                   [2007]

Q.     The distribution of the sound intensity of the whistle as observed by the passengers in train A is best represented by

1  
2  
3  
4  

Ans.

(1)

There is no relative motion between the source and the observer for the passengers in train A. Since all the passengers in train A are moving with a velocity of 20 m/s, therefore the distribution of sound intensity of the whistle by the passengers in train A is uniform.