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Solution


Q.

Given below are two statements:                            [2025]

Statement I: In ecosystem, there is unidirectional flow of energy of sun from producers to consumers.

Statement II: Ecosystems are exempted from 2nd law of thermodynamics.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
1 Both statement I and statement II are correct  
2 Both statement I and statement II are incorrect  
3 Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect  
4 Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct  

Ans.

(3)

Sun is the only source of energy for all ecosystems on Earth, except for deep sea-hydro-thermal ecosystem.

The energy flow is unidirectional from the sun to producers and then to consumers.

Ecosystems are not exempted from the second law of thermodynamics. They need a constant supply of energy to synthesise the molecules they require to counteract the universal tendency towards increasing disorderliness.