Q.

One end of a spring of negligible unstretched length and spring constant k is fixed at the origin (0,0). A point particle of mass m carrying a positive charge q is attached at its other end. The entire system is kept on a smooth horizontal surface. When a point dipole p→ pointing towards the charge q is fixed at the origin, the spring gets stretched to a length l and attains a new equilibrium position (see figure below). If the point mass is now displaced slightly by Δl≪l from its equilibrium position and released, it is found to oscillate at frequency 1δkm. The value of δ is ________.         [2010]


Ans.

(3.14)

Original frequency,  f=2δKm

If dipole appears at equilibrium,

2KP(ℓ+x0)3·q=Kx0                ⋯(i)

When displaced towards right by length x0

fnet=2KP(ℓ+x0+x)3·q-K(x0+x)

ma=2KPq(ℓ+x0)3[1+xℓ-x0]3-K(x0+x)

=2KPq(ℓ+x0)3[1-3xℓ+x0]3-K(x0+x)

=6KPqx(ℓ+x0)4kx=3xℓ+x0Kx0-Kx=-Kx[3x0ℓ+x0+1]

As 'ℓ' is negative,    ma=-4Kx⇒a=-4Kmx

New frequency,    f'=12π4Km=2f=1πKm

∴  δ=π=3.14