Match List I of the nuclear processes with List II containing parent nucleus and one of the end products of each process and then select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: List I List II P. Alpha decay 1. Q. decay 2. R. Fissio

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Solution

Q.
Match List I of the nuclear processes with List II containing parent nucleus and one of the end products of each process and then select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: [2013]

List I List II

P. Alpha decay 1. ${}_{8}^{15}O \to {}_{7}^{15}O + \dots$

Q. $β^{+}$ decay 2. ${}_{92}^{238}U \to {}_{90}^{234}{Th} + \dots$

R. Fission 3. ${}_{83}^{185}{Bi} \to {}_{82}^{184}{Pb} + \dots$

S. Proton emission 4. ${}_{94}^{239}{Pu} \to {}_{57}^{140}{La} + \dots$

Codes:

1 P - 4, Q - 2, R - 1, S - 3

2 P - 1, Q - 3, R - 2, S - 4

3 P - 2, Q - 1, R - 4, S - 3

4 P - 4, Q - 3, R - 2, S - 1

Ans.
(3)

$In β^{+} -decay, atomic number (Z) decreases by 1 and mass number (A) remains unchanged.$

${}_{8}^{15}O \to {}_{7}^{15}N + \underset{β^{+} particle}{{}_{+ 1}^{0}β}$

$In α -decay, mass number (A) decreases by 4 units and atomic number (Z) by 2 units.$

${}_{92}^{238}U \to {}_{90}^{234}{Th} + \underset{α -particle}{{}_{2}^{4}{He}}$

$In proton ({}_{1}^{1}H) emission, both (A) and (Z) decrease by 1 .$

${}_{83}^{185}{Bi} \to {}_{82}^{184}{Pb} + \underset{proton}{{}_{1}^{1}H}$

$In fission process, heavier nucleus breaks into two fragments.$

${}_{94}^{239}{Pu} \to {}_{57}^{140}{La} + {}_{37}^{99}X$

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