Q.

How does steroid hormone influence the cellular activities                [2019]

1 Using aquaporin channels ‘as second messenger’  
2 Changing the permeability of the cell membrane  
3 Binding to DNA and forming a gene-hormone complex  
4 Activating cyclic AMP located on the cell membrane  

Ans.

(3)

Steroid hormones are lipid-soluble and easily pass through the cell membrane of a target cell into the cytoplasm where they bind to specific intracellular receptors (proteins) to form a hormone receptor complex that enters the nucleus. In the nucleus, hormone which interact with intracellular receptors mostly regulate gene expression or chromosome function by the interaction of hormone-receptor complex with the genome. Biochemical actions result in physiological and developmental effects.