Consider a completely full cylindrical water tank of height 1.6 m and cross-sectional area 0.5 . It has a small hole in its side at a height 90 cm from the bottom. Assume, the cross-sectional area of the hole to be negligibly small as compared to that of

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Solution

Q.
Consider a completely full cylindrical water tank of height 1.6 m and cross-sectional area 0.5 $m^{2}$ . It has a small hole in its side at a height 90 cm from the bottom. Assume, the cross-sectional area of the hole to be negligibly small as compared to that of the water tank. If a load 50 kg is applied at the top surface of the water in the tank them the velocity of the water coming out at the instant when the hole is opened is: ( $g = 10 m / s^{2}$ ) [2025]

1 3 m/s

2 5 m/s

3 2 m/s

4 4 m/s

Ans.
(4)

Apply Bernoulli equation between points 1 and 2

$P_{1} + \frac{1}{2} ρ v_{1}^{2} + ρ g h = P_{2} + \frac{1}{2} ρ v_{2}^{2} + 0$

$P_{0} + \frac{m g}{A} + ρ g \frac{70}{100} = P_{0} + \frac{1}{2} ρ v_{2}^{2}$

As the tank area is large $v_{1}$ is negligible compared to $v_{2}$

$\frac{5000}{5} + 10^{3} \times 10 \frac{70}{100} = \frac{1}{2} \times 10^{3} v_{2}^{2}$

$10^{3} + 10^{3} \times 7 = \frac{10^{3}}{2} v_{2}^{2} \Rightarrow v_{2}^{2} = 16$

$\Rightarrow v_{2} = 4 m / s$

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