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admission open for JEE, NEET & Class 9 - 12 admission open for JEE, NEET & Class 9 - 12

Metals and Non-Metals is an important chapter in Class 10 Science that helps students understand the physical and chemical properties of different elements. This chapter also explains the reactivity of metals, extraction processes, corrosion, and alloys.

Introduction to Metals and Non-Metals

Elements are broadly classified into two categories:

Metals

Examples:

  • Iron
  • Copper
  • Aluminium
  • Gold
  • Silver

Non-Metals

Examples:

  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen
  • Carbon
  • Sulphur
  • Phosphorus
Chapter - 3: Metals and Non-metals
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Physical Properties of Metals

Metals generally have the following characteristics:

  • Lustrous (shiny surface)
  • Malleable (can be beaten into sheets)
  • Ductile (can be drawn into wires)
  • Good conductors of heat and electricity
  • Sonorous (produce sound when struck)
  • High melting and boiling points

Exceptions

  • Mercury is liquid at room temperature.
  • Sodium and Potassium are soft metals.
  • Gallium melts easily when heated.

Physical Properties of Non-Metals

Non-metals generally:

  • Have a dull appearance
  • Are brittle in nature
  • Are poor conductors of heat and electricity
  • Are not sonorous
  • Have lower melting and boiling points

Exceptions

  • Graphite conducts electricity.
  • Diamond is extremely hard.
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admission open for JEE, NEET & Class 9 - 12
FINGERTIPS Physics, Chemistry & Biology