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Solution


Q.

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions from (i) to (v):

 

The use of a universal indicator, which is a mixture of several indicators, can be helpful in judging how strong a given acid or base is. The universal indicator shows different colours at different concentrations of hydrogen ions in a solution. Here is a scale for measuring hydrogen ion concentration in a solution, called pH scale. The ‘p’ in pH stands for potenz in German, meaning power. On the pH scale, we can measure pH from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very alkaline).

pH should be thought of simply as a number which indicates the acidic or basic nature of a solution. Higher the hydronium ion concentration, lower is the pH value.

The pH of a neutral solution is 7. Values less than 7 on the pH scale represent an acidic solution. As the pH value increases from 7 to 14, it represents an increase in O H to the power of minus ion concentration in the solution, that is, increase in the strength of alkali.

 

(v) Two aqueous solutions P and Q have pH of 5 and 13 respectively. The correct inference is that:
1 Solution P is of HCl and Q is of NH4OH  
2 Solution P is of CH3COOH and Q is of Ca(OH)2  
3 Solution P is of HNO3  and Q is of NH4OH  
4 Solution P is of CH3COOH and Q is of NaOH  

Ans.

(4)