Which one of the following molecules has maximum dipole moment?

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Solution

Q.
Which one of the following molecules has maximum dipole moment [2024]

1 ${PF}_{5}$

2 ${NF}_{3}$

3 ${NH}_{3}$

4 ${CH}_{4}$

Ans.
(3)

${PF}_{5}$ and ${CH}_{4}$ are symmetrical molecules hence have zero dipole moment.

In ${NH}_{3}$ , lone pair moment and bond pair moment are in same direction whereas in ${NF}_{3}$ lone pair moment and bond pair moment are in opposite direction. Hence net dipole moment which is vector sum of lone pair and bond pair moments is more for ${NH}_{3}$ than ${NF}_{3}$ .

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