Which of the following compounds show colour due to d-d transition?

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Solution

Q.
Which of the following compounds show colour due to $d - d$ transition [2024]

1 $K_{2} {Cr}_{2} O_{7}$

2 ${CuSO}_{4} . 5 H_{2} O$

3 ${KMnO}_{4}$

4 $K_{2} {CrO}_{4}$

Ans.
(2)

A compound is coloured if it has electronic energy levels where electrons can undergo transition by absorbing light in visible range. For most d block elements energy difference in d orbitals lies in visible range. Hence, due to d-d electronic transitions, These are coloured. In ${CuSO}_{4} . 5 H_{2} {O, Cu}^{2 +} (3 d^{9})$ splits into $t_{2 g}^{6}, e_{g}^{3}$ . $d - d$ transition from $t_{2 g}$ to $e_{g}$ makes it coloured. But in $K_{2} {Cr}_{2} O_{7}$ (orange), ${KMnO}_{4}$ (purple) and $K_{2} {CrO}_{4}$ (yellow), central atom has no d electron. Colour of these compounds is due to charge transfer from oxide to metal ion.

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