The variation of the boiling points of the hydrogen halides is in the order HF > HI > HBr > HCl. What explains the higher boiling point of hydrogen fluoride? [2015]

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Q.
The variation of the boiling points of the hydrogen halides is in the order $HF > HI > HBr > HCl$ . What explains the higher boiling point of hydrogen fluoride [2015]

1 There is strong hydrogen bonding between HF molecules.

2 The bond energy of HF molecules is greater than in other hydrogen halides.

3 The effect of nuclear shielding is much reduced in fluorine which polarises the HF molecule.

4 The electronegativity of fluorine is much higher than for other elements in the group.

Ans.
(1)

HF forms strong intermolecular H-bonding due to high electronegativity of F. Hence, the boiling point of HF is abnormally high. Boiling points of other hydrogen halides gradually increase from $HCl$ to $HI$ due to increase in size of halogen atoms from $Cl$ to $I$ which further increase the magnitude of van der Waals’ forces.

Solution

Q.
The variation of the boiling points of the hydrogen halides is in the order $HF > HI > HBr > HCl$ . What explains the higher boiling point of hydrogen fluoride [2015]

1 There is strong hydrogen bonding between HF molecules.

2 The bond energy of HF molecules is greater than in other hydrogen halides.

3 The effect of nuclear shielding is much reduced in fluorine which polarises the HF molecule.

4 The electronegativity of fluorine is much higher than for other elements in the group.

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Solution

Q. The variation of the boiling points of the hydrogen halides is in the order HF>HI>HBr>HCl. What explains the higher boiling point of hydrogen fluoride [2015]

1 There is strong hydrogen bonding between HF molecules.

2 The bond energy of HF molecules is greater than in other hydrogen halides.

3 The effect of nuclear shielding is much reduced in fluorine which polarises the HF molecule.

4 The electronegativity of fluorine is much higher than for other elements in the group.

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Q.
The variation of the boiling points of the hydrogen halides is in the order $HF > HI > HBr > HCl$ . What explains the higher boiling point of hydrogen fluoride [2015]