The total energy of an electron in an atom in an orbit is ?3.4 eV. Its kinetic and potential energies are, respectively [2019]

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Solution

Q.
The total energy of an electron in an atom in an orbit is −3.4 eV. Its kinetic and potential energies are, respectively [2019]

1 3.4 eV, 3.4 eV

2 −3.4 eV, −3.4 eV

3 −3.4 eV, −6.8 eV

4 3.4 eV, −6.8 eV

Ans.
(4)

Total energy of electron in $n^{th}$ orbit, $E_{n} = \frac{- 13.6 Z^{2}}{n^{2}} eV .$

Kinetic energy of electron in $n^{th}$ orbit, $K.E. = \frac{13.6 Z^{2}}{n^{2}} eV$

Potential energy of electron in $n^{th}$ orbit, $P.E. = \frac{- 27.2 Z^{2}}{n^{2}} eV$

Thus, total energy of electron, $E_{n} = - K.E. = \frac{P.E.}{2}$

$∴$ $K.E. = 3.4 eV$ $[Given E_{n} = - 3.4 eV]$

$P.E. = 2 \times (- 3.4) = - 6.8 eV$

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