Q.

The resistance of a resistor is reduced to half of its initial value. In doing so, if other parameters of the circuit remain unchanged, the heating effects on the resistor will become:

1 two times  
2 half  
3 one-fourth  
4 four times  

Ans.

(1)

Resistance of a resistor RΩ

New resistance of a resistor R2Ω

All other parameters of the circuit remain unchanged.

By applying Joule’s law of heating: H=I2Rt

As per Ohms law  𝑉 = 𝐼R

or  𝐼 = 𝑉/𝑅  H=VR×VR×R×t=V2R×tCase I: H=V2R×tCase II: H'=V2R2×t=V2×2R×tH'=H×2

Hence, the heating effect in the resistor will become two times if all other parameters of the circuit remain the same.