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Solution


Q.

The correct sequence of acidic strength of the following aliphatic acids in their decreasing order is:                         [2024]

 

CH3CH2COOH, CH3COOH, CH3CH2CH2COOH, HCOOH
1 CH3COOH>CH3CH2COOH>CH3CH2CH2COOH>HCOOH  
2 HCOOH>CH3CH2CH2COOH>CH3CH2COOH>CH3COOH  
3 HCOOH>CH3COOH>CH3CH2COOH>CH3CH2CH2COOH  
4 CH3CH2CH2COOH>CH3CH2COOH>CH3COOH>HCOOH

Ans.

(3)

Electron releasing groups decreases stability of conjugate anion of an acid hence decreases acidic strength of the acid. Alkyl groups are +I groups. Larger is alkyl group more is its +I effect. Hence larger is alkyl group connected to –COOH group, lesser is the acid strength.

HCOOH>CH3COOH>CH3CH2COOH>CH3CH2CH2COOHIncreasing +I effect of alkyl groups, hence decreasing acidic strength of acid