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Solution


Q.

Given below are two statements :

Statement (I): The oxidation state of an element in a particular compound is the charge acquired by its atom on the basis of electron gain enthalpy consideration from other atoms in the molecule.

Statement (II): pπ-pπ bond formation is more prevalent in second period elements over other periods.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:              [2024]
1 Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect  
2 Both Statement I and Statement II are correct  
3 Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct  
4 Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect  

Ans.

(3)

Statement I: The oxidation state, or oxidation number, is the hypothetical charge of an atom if all of its bonds to other atoms were fully ionic i.e. shift the bond pair of electrons towards more electronegative atom, the charge acquired after this shift is oxidation number of the atom. Hence oxidation number is charge acquired on the basis of electronegativity difference.

Statement II: Because of small size, strength of pπ-pπ bonds in second period elements is more, hence pπ-pπ bonds are more prevalent in second period elements,