Statement I: The decrease in first ionization enthalpy from B to Al is much larger than that from Al to Ga. Statement II: The d-orbitals in Ga are completely filled. [2023]

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Q.
Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The decrease in first ionization enthalpy from B to Al is much larger than that from Al to Ga.

Statement II: The d-orbitals in Ga are completely filled.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below [2023]

1 Both the statements I and II are incorrect.

2 Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.

3 Both the statements I and II are correct.

4 Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.

Ans.
(3)

Element B Al Ga In Tl

${IE}_{1}$ (kJ/mol) 801 577 579 558 589

${ΔIE}_{1}$ of B and $Al$ is greater than ${ΔIE}_{1}$ of $Al$ and Ga.

This is due to completely filled $d$ -orbitals in Ga and $d$ -electron have low screening effect to compensate the increase in nuclear charge.

Solution

1 Both the statements I and II are incorrect.

2 Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.

3 Both the statements I and II are correct.

4 Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.

Ans.
(3)

Element B Al Ga In Tl

${IE}_{1}$ (kJ/mol) 801 577 579 558 589

${ΔIE}_{1}$ of B and $Al$ is greater than ${ΔIE}_{1}$ of $Al$ and Ga.

This is due to completely filled $d$ -orbitals in Ga and $d$ -electron have low screening effect to compensate the increase in nuclear charge.

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Solution

1 Both the statements I and II are incorrect.

2 Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.

3 Both the statements I and II are correct.

4 Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.

Ans. (3) Element B Al Ga In Tl IE1 (kJ/mol) 801 577 579 558 589 ΔIE1 of B and Al is greater than ΔIE1 of Al and Ga. This is due to completely filled d-orbitals in Ga and d-electron have low screening effect to compensate the increase in nuclear charge.

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Ans.
(3)

Element B Al Ga In Tl

${IE}_{1}$ (kJ/mol) 801 577 579 558 589

${ΔIE}_{1}$ of B and $Al$ is greater than ${ΔIE}_{1}$ of $Al$ and Ga.

This is due to completely filled $d$ -orbitals in Ga and $d$ -electron have low screening effect to compensate the increase in nuclear charge.