Identify the incorrect statement from the following. structure of atom [2022]

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Q.
Identify the incorrect statement from the following. [2022]

1 All the five 5d orbitals are different in size when compared to the respective 4d orbitals.

2 All the five 4d orbitals have shapes similar to the respective 3d orbitals.

3 In an atom, all the five 3d orbitals are equal in energy in free state.

4 The shapes of $d_{x y}$ , $d_{y z}$ and $d_{z x}$ orbitals are similar to each other; and $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ and $d_{z^{2}}$ are similar to each other.

Ans.
(4)

The shapes of $d_{x y}$ , $d_{x z}$ , $d_{y z}$ and $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ are similar to each other, whereas that of $d_{z^{2}}$ is different from others. All five 3d orbitals are equivalent in energy. The d-orbitals for which $n$ is greater than 3 $(4 d, 5 d, \dots)$ also have shapes similar to 3d-orbital but differ in energy and size.

Solution

Q.
Identify the incorrect statement from the following. [2022]

1 All the five 5d orbitals are different in size when compared to the respective 4d orbitals.

2 All the five 4d orbitals have shapes similar to the respective 3d orbitals.

3 In an atom, all the five 3d orbitals are equal in energy in free state.

4 The shapes of $d_{x y}$ , $d_{y z}$ and $d_{z x}$ orbitals are similar to each other; and $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ and $d_{z^{2}}$ are similar to each other.

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Solution

Q. Identify the incorrect statement from the following. [2022]

1 All the five 5d orbitals are different in size when compared to the respective 4d orbitals.

2 All the five 4d orbitals have shapes similar to the respective 3d orbitals.

3 In an atom, all the five 3d orbitals are equal in energy in free state.

4 The shapes of dxy, dyz and dzx orbitals are similar to each other; and dx2-y2 and dz2 are similar to each other.

Ans. (4) The shapes of dxy, dxz, dyz and dx2-y2 are similar to each other, whereas that of dz2 is different from others. All five 3d orbitals are equivalent in energy. The d-orbitals for which n is greater than 3 (4d,5d,…) also have shapes similar to 3d-orbital but differ in energy and size.

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Q.
Identify the incorrect statement from the following. [2022]

4 The shapes of $d_{x y}$ , $d_{y z}$ and $d_{z x}$ orbitals are similar to each other; and $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ and $d_{z^{2}}$ are similar to each other.