Assertion (A): and molecule have pyramidal shape with a lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom. The resultant dipole moment of is greater than that of .

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Solution

Q.
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): ${NH}_{3}$ and ${NF}_{3}$ molecule have pyramidal shape with a lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom. The resultant dipole moment of ${NH}_{3}$ is greater than that of ${NF}_{3}$ .

Reason (R): In ${NH}_{3}$ , the orbital dipole due to lone pair is in the same direction as the resultant dipole moment of the N-H bonds. F is the most electronegative element.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: [2024]

1 (A) is true but (R) is false

2 Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A)

3 (A) is false but (R) is true

4 Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Ans.
(4)

In ${NH}_{3}$ , lone pair moment and bond pair moment are in same direction whereas in ${NF}_{3}$ , lone pair moment and bond pair moment are in opposite direction. Hence dipole of ${NH}_{3}$ is greater than in ${NF}_{3}$ .

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