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Solution


Q.

Approximately seventy percent of carbon dioxide absorbed by the blood will be transported to the lungs                [2014]
1 as bicarbonate ions  
2 in the form of dissolved gas molecules  
3 by binding to RBC  
4 as carbamino-haemoglobin  

Ans.

(1)


About 70% of CO2 (about 2.5 mL per 100 mL of blood), received by blood from the tissues, enters the RBCs where it reacts with water to form carbonic acid (H2CO3). Carbonic anhydrase, exclusively found in RBCs, speeds up the formation of H2CO3 and rapidly converts it back to carbon dioxide and water when blood reaches the lungs. Almost as rapidly as formed, all carbonic acid of RBCs dissociates into hydrogen (H+) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-).