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Solution


Q.

An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic transformation starting from the point A and coming back to the same point by tracing the path A → B → C → D → A as shown in the three cases above.

Choose the correct option regarding ΔU:                                       [2025]
1 ΔU (Case-III)>ΔU (Case-II)>ΔU (Case-I)  
2 ΔU (Case-I)=ΔU (Case-II)=ΔU (Case-III)  
3 ΔU (Case-I)>ΔU (Case-II)>ΔU (Case-III)  
4 ΔU (Case-I)>ΔU (Case-III)>ΔU (Case-II)  

Ans.

(2)

When the system returns to the starting point, then change in state function in the process in zero. Internal energy is a state function and in all the three cases, system comes back to the starting point, so in all three cases ΔU=0.