An electric dipole with dipole moment is aligned with the direction of a uniform electric field of magnitude . The dipole is then rotated through an angle of with respect to the electric field. The change in the potential energy of the dipole is

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Solution

Q.
An electric dipole with dipole moment $5 \times 10^{- 6} Cm$ is aligned with the direction of a uniform electric field of magnitude $4 \times 10^{5} N/C$ . The dipole is then rotated through an angle of $60 °$ with respect to the electric field. The change in the potential energy of the dipole is [2025]

1 1.2 J

2 1.5 J

3 0.8 J

4 1.0 J

Ans.
(4)

Change in potential energy in electric field,

$Δ U = p E (\cos θ_{1} - \cos θ_{2})$

$= p E [\cos (0 °) - \cos (60 °)]$

$∴$ $Δ U = \frac{p E}{2} = \frac{5 \times 10^{- 6} \times 4 \times 10^{5}}{2}$

$Δ U = 1$ J

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