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UP Board Class 11 Maths – Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry

The chapter “Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry” helps students understand how to locate and measure the position of points in 3D space. While you have previously studied coordinate geometry on a 2D plane (x, y), this chapter introduces the z-axis, enabling you to visualize objects in real-world space such as buildings, boxes, and physical structures.

Introduction to Three Dimensional Geometry
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Key Concepts Covered

1. Coordinate Axes in 3D

In three-dimensional geometry, we use:

  • X-axis

  • Y-axis

  • Z-axis

 

2. Coordinate Planes

There are three major coordinate planes formed by the axes:

  • XY-plane

  • YZ-plane

  • ZX-plane

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3. Coordinates of a Point in 3D

A point in space is written as (x, y, z) where:

  • x = distance from the YZ-plane

  • y = distance from the ZX-plane

  • z = distance from the XY-plane

Example:
Point (3, –2, 4) means

  • 3 units along x

  • –2 units along y

  • 4 units along z