NCERT The Fundamental Unit of Life – Class 9 Science
The chapter “The Fundamental Unit of Life” introduces students to cells, the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms. Every living being, from the smallest microorganism to complex human beings, is made up of cells. This chapter in NCERT Class 9 Science explains the discovery of the cell by Robert Hooke, followed by contributions of scientists like Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow, which led to the cell theory.
Students learn about the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, plant and animal cells, along with the structure and function of various cell organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vacuoles. Each organelle has a specific role in maintaining the life processes of the cell.
The chapter also highlights the importance of the plasma membrane as a selectively permeable barrier, the role of diffusion and osmosis in the movement of substances, and the significance of the cell wall in plants.
By studying this chapter, Class 9 students build a strong foundation in Biology, which is essential for higher studies and competitive exams. Understanding cells helps in appreciating how life functions at the microscopic level.
