Molecular Structure PYQs for NEET – Solved Past Year Questions

Q 1 :
Match List-I with List-II. [2025]

List-I List-II

A. ${XeO}_{3}$ I. $s p^{3} d;$ linear

B. ${XeF}_{2}$ II. $s p^{3};$ pyramidal

C. ${XeOF}_{4}$ III. $s p^{3} d^{3},$ distorted octahedral

D. ${XeF}_{6}$ IV. $s p^{3} d^{2},$ square pyramidal

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV

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Q 2 :
Identify the correct orders against the property mentioned.

A. $H_{2} O > N H_{3} > C H C l_{3}$ -- Dipole moment
B. $X e F_{4} > X e O_{3} > X e F_{2}$ -- Number of lone pairs on central atom
C. $O — H > C — H > N — O$ -- Bond length
D. $N_{2} > O_{2} > H_{2}$ -- Bond enthalpy

Choose the correct answer from the options given below: [2025]

A, C only
B, C only
A, D only
B, D only

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A.    $H_{2} O > N H_{3} > C H C l_{3}$ : Order of dipole moment
B.    $X e F_{2} > X e F_{4} > X e O_{3}$ : Decreasing number of lone pairs of electrons on central atom
C.    $N - O > C - H > O - H$ : Order of bond length
D.    $N_{2} > O_{2} > H_{2}$ : Order of bond enthalpy

Q 3 :
Identify the incorrect statement about ${PCl}_{5} .$ [2024]

${PCl}_{5}$ possesses two different $Cl - P - Cl$ bond angles.
All five $P - Cl$ bonds are identical in length.
${PCl}_{5}$ exhibits $s p^{3} d$ hybridisation.
${PCl}_{5}$ consists of five $P - Cl$ (sigma) bonds.

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As the axial bond pairs suffer more repulsive interaction than the equatorial bond pairs, therefore, axial bonds (90°) have been found to be slightly longer and hence slightly weaker than the equatorial bonds (120°).

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Q 4 :
Match the xenon compounds in Column-I with its structure in Column-II and assign the correct code. [2019, 2016]

Column - I Column - II

(A) ${XeF}_{4}$ (i) Pyramidal

(B) ${XeF}_{6}$ (ii) Square planar

(C) ${XeOF}_{4}$ (iii) Distorted octahedral

(D) ${XeO}_{3}$ (iv) Square pyramidal

(A)-(iii), (B)-(iv), (C)-(i), (D)-(ii)
(A)-(i), (B)-(ii), (C)-(iii), (D)-(iv)
(A)-(ii), (B)-(iii), (C)-(iv), (D)-(i)
(A)-(ii), (B)-(iii), (C)-(i), (D)-(iv)

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Q 5 :
The hybridizations of atomic orbitals of nitrogen in ${NO}_{2}^{+}$ , ${NO}_{3}^{-}$ and ${NH}_{4}^{+}$ respectively are [2016]

$s p, s p^{3}$ and $s p^{2}$
$s p^{2}, s p^{3}$ and $sp$
$s p, s p^{2}$ and $s p^{3}$
$s p^{2}, s p$ and $s p^{3}$

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$X = \frac{1}{2} (V E + M A - c + a)$

For $N O_{2}^{+},$ $X = \frac{1}{2} (5 + 0 - 1) = 2 i.e., s p hybridisation$

For $N O_{3}^{-},$ $X = \frac{1}{2} (5 + 0 + 1) = 3 i.e., s p^{2} hybridisation$

For $N H_{4}^{+},$ $X = \frac{1}{2} (5 + 4 - 1) = 4 i.e., s p^{3} hybridisation$

Q 6 :
The correct geometry and hybridization for ${XeF}_{4}$ are [2016]

octahedral, $s p^{3} d^{2}$
trigonal bipyramidal, $s p^{3} d$
planar triangle, $s p^{3} d^{3}$
square planar, $s p^{3} d^{2}$

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(1)

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Q 7 :
Among the following, which one is a wrong statement? [2016]

${PH}_{5}$ and ${BiCl}_{5}$ do not exist.
$p π - d π$ bonds are present in ${SO}_{2} .$
${SeF}_{4}$ and ${CH}_{4}$ have same shape.
$I_{3}^{+}$ has bent geometry

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Q 8 :
In which of the following pairs, both the species are not isostructural? [2015]

Diamond, Silicon carbide
${NH}_{3}, {PH}_{3}$
${XeF}_{4}, {XeO}_{4}$
${SiCl}_{4}, {PCl}_{4}^{+}$

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In diamond and silicon carbide, central atom is $s p^{3}$ hybridised and hence, both are isostructural.

$N H_{3}$ and $P H_{3}$ , both are pyramidal and central atom in both cases is $s p^{3}$ hybridised. $S i C l_{4}$ and $P C l_{4}^{+}$ , both are tetrahedral and central atom in both cases is $s p^{3}$ hybridised.

In $X e F_{4}$ , Xe is $s p^{3} d^{2}$ hybridised and structure is square planar, while in $X e O_{4}$ , Xe is $s p^{3}$ hybridised and structure is tetrahedral.

Q 9 :
Maximum bond angle at nitrogen is present in which of the following? [2015]

${NO}_{2}^{+}$
${NO}_{3}^{-}$
${NO}_{2}$
${NO}_{2}^{-}$

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Species	${NO}_{3}^{-}$	${NO}_{2}$	${NO}_{2}^{-}$	${NO}_{2}^{+}$
Hybridisation	$s p^{2}$	$s p^{2}$	$s p^{2}$	$sp$
Bond angle	$120 °$	$134 °$	$115 °$	$180 °$

So, ${NO}_{2}^{+}$ has maximum bond angle.

Q 10 :
Which one of the following species has triangular planar shape? [2014]

$N_{3}$
${NO}_{3}^{-}$
${NO}_{2}^{-}$
${CO}_{2}$

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(2)

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Topic Question Set

Q 3 :
Identify the incorrect statement about ${PCl}_{5} .$ [2024]

Q 4 :
Match the xenon compounds in Column-I with its structure in Column-II and assign the correct code. [2019, 2016]

Column - I Column - II

(A) ${XeF}_{4}$ (i) Pyramidal

(B) ${XeF}_{6}$ (ii) Square planar

(C) ${XeOF}_{4}$ (iii) Distorted octahedral

(D) ${XeO}_{3}$ (iv) Square pyramidal

Q 5 :
The hybridizations of atomic orbitals of nitrogen in ${NO}_{2}^{+}$ , ${NO}_{3}^{-}$ and ${NH}_{4}^{+}$ respectively are [2016]

Q 6 :
The correct geometry and hybridization for ${XeF}_{4}$ are [2016]

Q 7 :
Among the following, which one is a wrong statement? [2016]

Q 8 :
In which of the following pairs, both the species are not isostructural? [2015]

Q 9 :
Maximum bond angle at nitrogen is present in which of the following? [2015]

Q 10 :
Which one of the following species has triangular planar shape? [2014]

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	List-I		List-II
A.	${XeO}_{3}$	I.	$s p^{3} d;$ linear
B.	${XeF}_{2}$	II.	$s p^{3};$ pyramidal
C.	${XeOF}_{4}$	III.	$s p^{3} d^{3},$ distorted octahedral
D.	${XeF}_{6}$	IV.	$s p^{3} d^{2},$ square pyramidal

	Column - I		Column - II
(A)	${XeF}_{4}$	(i)	Pyramidal
(B)	${XeF}_{6}$	(ii)	Square planar
(C)	${XeOF}_{4}$	(iii)	Distorted octahedral
(D)	${XeO}_{3}$	(iv)	Square pyramidal

Topic Question Set

Q 1 : Match List-I with List-II. [2025] List-I List-II A. XeO3 I. sp3d; linear B. XeF2 II. sp3; pyramidal C. XeOF4 III. sp3d3, distorted octahedral D. XeF6 IV. sp3d2, square pyramidal Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Q 2 : Identify the correct orders against the property mentioned. A. H2O>NH3>CHCl3 -- Dipole moment B. XeF4>XeO3>XeF2-- Number of lone pairs on central atom C. O—H>C—H>N—O -- Bond length D. N2>O2>H2-- Bond enthalpy Choose the correct answer from the options given below: [2025]

Q 3 : Identify the incorrect statement about PCl5. [2024]

Q 4 : Match the xenon compounds in Column-I with its structure in Column-II and assign the correct code. [2019, 2016] Column - I Column - II (A) XeF4 (i) Pyramidal (B) XeF6 (ii) Square planar (C) XeOF4 (iii) Distorted octahedral (D) XeO3 (iv) Square pyramidal

Q 5 : The hybridizations of atomic orbitals of nitrogen in NO2+, NO3- and NH4+ respectively are [2016]

Q 6 : The correct geometry and hybridization for XeF4 are [2016]

Q 7 : Among the following, which one is a wrong statement? [2016]

Q 8 : In which of the following pairs, both the species are not isostructural? [2015]

Q 9 : Maximum bond angle at nitrogen is present in which of the following? [2015]

Q 10 : Which one of the following species has triangular planar shape? [2014]

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Q 3 :
Identify the incorrect statement about ${PCl}_{5} .$ [2024]

Q 4 :
Match the xenon compounds in Column-I with its structure in Column-II and assign the correct code. [2019, 2016]

Column - I Column - II

(A) ${XeF}_{4}$ (i) Pyramidal

(B) ${XeF}_{6}$ (ii) Square planar

(C) ${XeOF}_{4}$ (iii) Distorted octahedral

(D) ${XeO}_{3}$ (iv) Square pyramidal

Q 5 :
The hybridizations of atomic orbitals of nitrogen in ${NO}_{2}^{+}$ , ${NO}_{3}^{-}$ and ${NH}_{4}^{+}$ respectively are [2016]

Q 6 :
The correct geometry and hybridization for ${XeF}_{4}$ are [2016]

Q 7 :
Among the following, which one is a wrong statement? [2016]

Q 8 :
In which of the following pairs, both the species are not isostructural? [2015]

Q 9 :
Maximum bond angle at nitrogen is present in which of the following? [2015]

Q 10 :
Which one of the following species has triangular planar shape? [2014]