Q 11 :    

The solution from the following with highest depression in freezing point/lowest freezing point is:              [2024]

  • 180 g of acetic acid dissolved in water

     

  • 180 g of acetic acid dissolved in benzene

     

  • 180 g of benzoic acid dissolved in benzene

     

  • 180 g of glucose dissolved in water

     

(1)

Number of moles of acetic acid:

(nCH3COOH)=Given massMolar mass=180g60gmol-1=3mol

Number of moles of benzoic acid:

(nC6H5COOH)=Given massMolar mass=180g122gmol-1=1.475mol

Number of moles of glucose:

(nC6H12O6)=Given massMolar mass=180g180gmol-1=1mol

In water, carboxylic acids undergo dissociation, resulting in an increase in the number of particles, consequently contributing towards increasing the value of the colligative property.

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In benzene, carboxylic acids undergo dimerisation, resulting in a decrease in the number of particles, consequently contributing towards decreasing the value of the colligative property.

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Glucose does not dissociate or associate in water.
As the most number of particles are produced in (1), it has the highest depression in freezing point.
Assuming complete dissociation of acetic acid in water, i=2

Assuming complete association of acetic acid and benzoic acid in benzene (i=12)

Assuming 1 kg of solvent in each case, various ΔTf
 values are as follows:

Solutions

Depression in freezing point

Freezing point of solution

180 g acetic acid in 1 kg water

or

(change in temperature has same value in K or oC)

180 g acetic acid in 1 kg benzene

 or

180 g benzoic acid in 1 kg benzene

or

180 g glucose in 1 kg water

or