Q 1 :    

Identify the factor from the following that does not affect electrolytic conductance of a solution.                 [2024]

  • The nature of solvent used.

     

  • Concentration of the electrolyte.

     

  • The nature of the electrode used.

     

  • The nature of the electrolyte added.

     

(C)

1.     HCl in water is almost 100 percent ionized whereas HCl in CCl4 is almost unionised. The two solutions have different conductance. Hence conductance depends upon nature of solvent.

2.      For strong as well as weak electrolyte, conductance increases with dilution.

3.      Conductance does not depend upon nature of electrode used.

4.      For same concentration, strong electrolyte has more conductance than weak electrolyte.

 



Q 2 :    

For a strong electrolyte, a plot of molar conductivity against (concentration)1/2 is a straight line, with a negative slope, the correct unit for the slope is    [2024]

  • S cm2 mol-1 L1/2

     

  • S cm2 mol-3/2 L

     

  • S cm2 mol-3/2 L-1/2

     

  • S cm2 mol-3/2 L1/2 

     

(D)

               For strong electrolytes, variation of molar conductivity (Λm) with concentration (C) is given by:

               Λm=Λm0-AC, where Λm0 is limiting molar conductivity i.e., molar conductivity at infinite dilution.

               From this equation, slope is -A.

               Substituting units of all terms:

              Scm2mol-1=Scm2mol-1-(units of A)mol L-1

              units of A=Scm2mol-1mol L-1=Scm2mol-3/2L1/2

 



Q 3 :    

Molar ionic conductivities of divalent cation and anion are 57 S cm2 mol-1 and 73 S cm2 mol-1 respectively. The molar conductivity of solution of an electrolyte with the above cation and anion will be:                        [2024]

  • 65 S cm2mol-1

     

  • 187 S cm2mol-1

     

  • 130 S cm2mol-1

     

  • 260 S cm2mol-1

     

(C)

                Salt of divalent cation (A2+) and divalent anion (B-) is AB.

                It dissociates in water as:

                ABA2++B2-

               By Kohlrausch's law:

               ΛM(AB)=λm(A2+)+λm(B2-)

              ΛM(AB)=(57+73)S cm2mol-1=130S cm2mol-1



Q 4 :    

Which out of the following is a correct equation to show change in molar conductivity with respect to concentration for a weak electrolyte, if the symbols carry their usual meaning:                   [2024]

  • Λm-Λm0+AC1/2=0

     

  • Λm-Λm°-AC1/2=0

     

  • Λm 2C+Ka Λm°2-Ka ΛmΛm°=0

     

  • Λm2 C-Ka Λm°2+Ka ΛmΛm°=0

     

(D)

                Consider solution of a weak electrolyte AB with concentration C mol/L, undergoing dissociation in water with degree of dissociation α.

                 AB(aq)A+(aq)+B-(aq)

                 t=0    C

                t=    C(1-α)     Cα       Cα

               Ka=[A+][B-][AB]=Cα×CαC(1-α)=Cα21-α-I

               α is related to Λm and Λm° as α=ΛmΛm°-II

               Put α from II in I

               Ka=C(ΛmΛm°)21-(ΛmΛm°)

             C(ΛmΛm°)2=Ka-Ka(ΛmΛm°)

            C(ΛmΛm°)2+Ka(ΛmΛm°)-Ka=0

           Λm2C+KaΛmΛm°-Ka(Λm°)2=0



Q 5 :    

The values of conductivity of some materials at 298.15 K in S m-1 are 2.1×103, 1.0×10-16, 1.2×10, 3.91, 1.5×10-2, 1×10-7, 1.0×103.The number of conductors among the materials is ___________ .               [2024]



(4)

   Conductivity at 298.15 K (in Sm-1)    Material    Classification
   2.1×103    sodium    conductor
   1.0×10-16    glass    insulator
   1.2×10    graphite    conductor
   3.91    0.1M HCl    conductor
   1.5×10-2    Si    semiconductor
   1×10-7    CuO    semiconductor
   1×103    iron    conductor