Q 1 :

Let a1, a2, a3, .., an be n positive consecutive terms of an arithmetic progression. If d>0 is its common difference, then

limndn(1a1+a2+1a2+a3+...+1an-1+an) is                  [2023]

  • 0

     

  • d

     

  • 1

     

  • 1d

     

(3)

We have, a1, a2, ...., an are in A.P. 

   a2- a1= a3- a2=......= an- an-1=d

Now, limndn(1a1+a2+1a2+a3+...+1an-1+an)

= limndn(a2-a1a2-a1+a3-a2a3-a2+...+an-an-1an-an-1)

= limndn(a2-a1d+a3-a2d+...+an-an-1d)

=limn1nd(an-a1)

=limn1nd(an-a1an+a1)=limn1nd(n-1)dan+a1

=limn1ndn(1-1n)dn(a1n+(1-1n)d+a1n)

=limn(1-1n)dd(a1n+d-dn)+a1n=dd·d=1



Q 2 :

limn{(212-213)(212-215)(212-212n+1)} is equal to                  [2023]
 

  • 12

     

  • 1

     

  • 0

     

  • 2

     

(3)

Let  L=limn{(21/2-21/3)(21/2-21/5)(21/2-21/(2n+1))}

By Sandwich Theorem,

(21/2-21/3)n<(21/2-21/3)(21/2-21/5)(21/2-21/7)(21/2-21/(2n+1))<(21/2-21/(2n+1))n

limn(21/2-21/3)n<L<limn(21/2-21/(2n+1))n

As,  limn(21/2-21/3)n=0 and limn(21/2-21/(2n+1))n=0

  L=0



Q 3 :

limn(12-1)(n-1)+(22-2)(n-2)++((n-1)2-(n-1))·1(13+23++n3)-(12+22++n2) is equal to:           [2024]

  • 34

     

  • 13

     

  • 12

     

  • 23

     

(2)

Let L=limn(12-1)(n-1)+(22-2)(n-2)+...+((n-1)2-(n-1))·1(13+23+...+n3)-(12+22+...+n2)

Numerator=r=1n-1[(r2-r)(n-r)]=r=1n-1(-r3+r2(n+1)-nr)

=-((n-1)n2)2+(n+1)(n-1)n(2n-1)6-n2(n-1)2

So, L=limnn(n-1)2[-n(n-1)2+(n+1)(2n-1)3-n](n(n+1)2)2-n(n+1)(2n+1)6

=limn(n-1)(-3n2+3n+2(2n2+n-1)-6n)(n+1)(3n2+3n-4n-2)

=limn(n-1)(n2-n-2)(n+1)(3n2-n-2)

=limnn3(1-1n)(1-1n-2n2)n3(1+1n)(3-1n-2n2)=13



Q 4 :

limx0e-(1+2x)12xx is equal to                    [2024]

  • e

     

  • 0

     

  • -2e

     

  • e-e2

     

(1)

Let L=limx0e-(1+2x)1/2xx

=limx0e-e12xlog(1+2x)x

=limx0-e(elog(1+2x)2x-1-1)x

=limx0-e[elog(1+2x)-2x2x-1]x×log(1+2x)-2x2x×log(1+2x)-2x2x

=limx0-exlog(1+2x)-2x2x                  [∵ limx0ex-1x=1]

=limx0-e[11+2x·2-24x]      [Using L'Hospital Rule]

=limx0-e4-1(1+2x)2·4             [Again by L'Hospital]

=e

 



Q 5 :

If a=limx01+1+x4-2x4 and b=limx0sin2x2-1+cosx,then the value of ab3 is:                 [2024]

  • 25

     

  • 36

     

  • 32

     

  • 30

     

(3)

a=limx01+1+x4-2x4

Rationalising numerator, we get

a=limx01+1+x4-2x4(1+1+x4+2)

=limx01+x4-1x4(1+1+x4+2)

Again rationalising numerator, we get

=limx01(1+x4+1)(1+1+x4+2)=12×22=142

Now, b=limx0sin2x2-1+cosx

=limx0(1-cos2x)(2+1+cosx)[2-(1+cosx)]         [By rationalising denominator]

=limx0(1+cosx)(1-cosx)(2+1+cosx)1-cosx

=limx0(1+cosx)(2+1+cosx)=42

     ab3=142×(42)3=32

 



Q 6 :

limx0e2|sinx|-2|sinx|-1x2                    [2024]

  • does not exist

     

  • is equal to -1

     

  • is equal to 1

     

  • is equal to 2

     

(4)

We have, limx0=e2|sinx|-2|sinx|-1x2

R.H.L.limx0+=e2sinx-2sinx-1x2

limx0+=(1+2sinx+(2sinx)22!+)-2sinx-1x2

limx0+=4sin2xx2(12!+2sinx3!+)=2

L.H.L. =limx0-e-2sinx+2sinx-1x2

limx0-(1-2sinx+(2sinx)22!-(2sinx)33!+)+2sinx-1x2

limx0-4sin2xx2(12!-2sinx3!+)=2

L.H.L.=R.H.L.=2



Q 7 :

If limx03+αsinx+βcosx+loge(1-x)3tan2x=13, then 2α-β is equal to               [2024]

  • 5

     

  • 1

     

  • 7

     

  • 2

     

(1)

Given, limx03+αsinx+βcosx+loge(1-x)3tan2x=13

limx03+α(x-x33!+x55!-)+β(1-x22!+x44!-)+(-x-x22!-2x33!-)3(tanxx)2·x2=13

limx03+α(x-x33!+x55!-)+β(1-x22!+x44!-)+(-x-x22!-2x33!-)3x2=13

Comparing the coefficient of x0, we get

         3+β=0β=-3

Comparing the coefficient of x', we get

        α-1=0α=1

     2α-β=2(1)-(-3)=2+3=5



Q 8 :

If limx1(5x+1)1/3-(x+5)1/3(2x+3)1/2-(x+4)1/2=m5n(2n)2/3, where gcd(m,n)=1, then 8m+12n is equal to _______ .                   [2024]



(100)

Let L=limx1(5x+1)1/3-(x+5)1/3(2x+3)1/2-(x+4)1/2  (00 form)

Using L-Hospital's rule

L=limx113×5(5x+1)-2/3-13(x+5)-2/312×2(2x+3)-1/2-12(x+4)1/2

=(53-13)6-2/3(12)5-1/2=83×51/262/3=m5n(2n)2/3

m=8,n=3    8m+12n=100



Q 9 :

Let a>0 be a root of the equation 2x2+x-2=0. If limx1a16(1-cos(2+x-2x2))(1-ax)2=α+β17, where α,βZ,then α+β is equal to ___.       [2024]



(170)

We have, 2x2+x-2=0

Given one root is a. Let another root be b.

Here, a=-1+174,  b=-1-174

 2+x-2x2=0 has roots 1a and 1b

Now, limx1a16(1-cos2(x-1a)(x-1b))a2(x-1a)2

limx1a16(1-cos2(x-1a)(x-1b))a2(x-1a)2×(x-1b)2(x-1b)2

=limx1a16·2sin2(x-1a)(x-1b)a2(x-1a)2×(x-1b)2(x-1b)2

=16×2a2(1a-1b)2

=32a2(174)=17×8a2=17×8×16(-1+17)2=153+1717

=α+β17

α=153, β=17

α+β=170



Q 10 :

The value of limx02(1-cosxcos2xcos3x3cos10x10x2) is _______ .                 [2024]



(55)

limx02(1-cosxcos2xcos3x3cos10x10x2)

Let f=cosxcos2xcos3x3cos10x10

f=cosx(cos2x)1/2(cos3x)1/3(cos10x)1/10

Taking log on both sides, we get

logf=log cosx+12cos2x+13cos3x++110cos10x

Differentiating w.r.t. x

1fdfdx=-tanx-tan2x-tan10x

dfdx=-f(tanx+tan2x+tan10x)

Using L'Hospital's Rule

limx02(f(tanx+tan2x+tan10x))2x                 ( f=1)

=1+2++10=55



Q 11 :

If α=limx0+(etanx-extanx-x) and β=limx0(1+sinx)12cotx are the roots of the quadratic equation ax2+bx-e=0, then 12loge(a+b) is equal to _______ .            [2024]



(6)

α=limx0+etanx-ex(tanx-x)

       =limx0+ex(etanx-x-1)(tanx-x)=1              [limx0ex-1x=1]

β=limx0(1+sinx)12cotx=limx0e(sinx)(12cotx)

      =limx0e12cosx=e1/2=e

Since, α,β be the roots of the quadratic equation, ax2+bx-e=0

     Products of roots =-ea=ea=-1

and sum of roots =-ba=1+eb=e+1

Hence, 12loge(a+b)=12loge(e+1-1)

                                           =12loge(e1/2)=6



Q 12 :

Let {x} denote the fractional part of x and f(x)=cos-1(1-{x}2)sin-1(1-{x}){x}-{x}3,  x0.

If L and R respectively denotes the left hand limit and the right hand limit of f(x) at x=0, then 32π2(L2+R2) is equal to _____.           [2024]



(18)

 We have, f(x)=cos-1(1-{x}2)sin-1(1-{x}){x}-{x}3

R=limh0+f(x)=limh0f(0+h)

      =limh0+f(h)=limh0cos-1(1-h2)h(sin-111)

Put cos-1(1-h2)=θcosθ=1-h2

=π2limθ0θ1-cosθ=π2limθ011-cosθθ2=π211/2=π2

Also, L=limx0-f(x)=limh0f(-h)

=limh0cos-1(1-{-h}2)sin-1(1-{-h}){-h}-{-h}3

=limh0cos-1(1-(-h+1)2)sin-1(1-(-h+1))(-h+1)-(-h+1)3

=limh0cos-1(-h2+2h)sin-1h(1-h)(1-(1-h)2)

=limh0(π2)sin-1h(1-(1-h)2)=π2limh0(sin-1h-h2+2h)

=π2limh0(sin-1hh)(1-h+2)=π4

    32π2(L2+R2)=32π2(π22+π216)=16+2=18



Q 13 :

If limx0ax2ex-bloge(1+x)+cxe-xx2sinx=1, then 16(a2+b2+c2) is equal to _____.       [2024]



(81)

Given, limx0ax2ex-bloge(1+x)+cxe-xx2sinx=1

limx0ax2(1+x1!+x22!+)-b(x-x22+x33)+cx(1-x1!+x22!)x2(x-x33!+x55!)=1

limx0(ax2+ax3+ax42!+)-bx+bx22-bx33+cx-cx2+cx32!=limx0x3-x53!+x75!

Comparing the coefficient of x3, we get

a-b3+c2=1                                                           ...(i)

Comparing the coefficient of x2, we get

a+b2-c=0                                                             ...(ii)

Comparing the coefficient of x, we get 

-b+c=0                                                                  ...(iii)

On solving (i), (ii) and (iii), we get

a=34,  b=c=32

16(a2+b2+c2)=16[916+94+94]=16[9+36+3616]=81



Q 14 :

For α, β, γR, if limx0x2 sin αx+(γ1)ex2sin 2xβx=3, then β+γα is equal to:          [2025]

  • 7

     

  • 4

     

  • 6

     

  • –1

     

(1)

As, x0  sin 2xβx0

To make the given limit in 00 form; (γ1)e0+0 sin (α0)=0

 (γ1)=0  γ=1

So, limx0x2 sin (αx)(sin 2xβx)=3

 limx0x2[αx(αx)33!+(αx)55!.....][2x(2x)33!+(2x)55!.....]βx=3

 limx0αx3α3x53!+α5x75!.....x(2β)8x36+25·x55!.....=3

 2β=0 and α86=3

 β=2 and α=3(86)=4

  β+γα=2+1(4)=7.



Q 15 :

If limx0cos(2x)+acos(4x)bx4 is finite, then (a + b) is equal to :          [2025]

  • 34

     

  • –1

     

  • 12

     

  • 0

     

(3)

limx0cos2x+acos4xbx4

=limx0(1(2x)22!+(2x)44!...)+a(1(4x)22!+(4x)44!...)bx4

=limx0(1+ab)+(28a)x2+(23+323a)x4+..... Higher power of x.x4

Since limit is finite so, we have

1 + ab = 0 and – 2 – 8a = 0

 a=14 and b=114=34

  a+b=14+34=24=12



Q 16 :

If limx1+(x1)(6+λcos(x1))+μsin(1x)(x1)3=1, where λ, μR, then λ+μ is equal to          [2025]

  • 20

     

  • 19

     

  • 17

     

  • 18

     

(4)

We have,

limx1+(x1)(6+λcos(x1))+μsin(1x)(x1)3=1

Put x – 1 = t

limt0+t(6+λ cos t)μ sin tt3=1

 limt0+t[6+λ(1t22!+...)]μ[tt33!...]t3=1

Now, 6+λμ=0                                        ...(i)

λ2+μ6=1  3λμ=6                ...(ii)

From (i) and (ii), we get λ=6μ=12

  λ+μ=18.



Q 17 :

Let f be a differentiable function on R such that f(2)=1, f'(2)=4. Let limx0(f(2+x))3/x=eα. Then the number of times the curve y=4x34x24(α7)xα meets x-axis is :          [2025]

  • 1

     

  • 0

     

  • 2

     

  • 3

     

(3)

Given, limx0(f(2+x))3/x=eα

 elimx03x(f(2+x)1)=eα          (1 form)

 elimx03f'(2+x)=eα

 e3f'(2)=eα  e12=eα

So, α=12

Now, y=4x34x24(α7)xα

=4x34x220x12

=4(x+1)2(x3)

   Roots are –1, –1 and 3

So, the curve y=4x34x220x12. The curve meets x-axis at 2 points.



Q 18 :

limx0+tan (5(x)13)loge(1+3x2)(tan13x)2(e5(x)431) is equal to           [2025]

  • 1

     

  • 53

     

  • 13

     

  • 115

     

(3)

We have, limx0+tan (5(x)13)loge(1+3x2)(tan1(3x))2(e5(x)431)

 limx0+tan (5(x)13) loge(1+3x2)3x2×5(x)13(3x2)5(x)13(tan1(3x))2(3x)2(e5x431)5x43×9x×5x43

 limx0+tan (5(x)13)5(x)13loge(1+3x2)3x2×15x73(tan1(3x))2(3x)2(e5(x)431)5x43×45x73=13.



Q 19 :

Given below are two statements :

Statement I : limx0(tan1x+loge1+x1x2xx5)=25

Statement II : limx1(x21-x)=1e2

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the potions given below.          [2025]

  • Statement I is true but Statement II is false

     

  • Both Statement I and Statement II are true

     

  • Both Statement I and Statement II are false

     

  • Statement I is false but Statement II is true

     

(2)

Let L=limx0(tan1x+loge1+x1x2xx5)

=limx0(xx33+x55...)+12[loge(1+x)loge(1x)]2xx5

=limx0(xx33+x55...)+12[xx22+x33.....(xx22x33.....)]2xx5

=limx0xx33+x55...+(x+x33+x55+...)2xx5

=limx0(2x+2x55+...)2xx5=25

   Statement I is true.

Let I=limx1x(21x)=limx1eln(x2/1x)=limx1e2 ln x/(1x)

Let us evaluate limx12 ln x1x          (00 form)

=limx12/x1          [Using L'Hospital rule]

= – 2

  I=limx1e2=e2

   Statement II is also true.



Q 20 :

If limx((e1e)(1ex1+x))x=α, then the value of loge α1+loge α equals :          [2025]

  • e2

     

  • e1

     

  • e

     

  • e2

     

(3)

α=limx((e1e)(1ex1+x))x        (1 form)

  α=eL, where L=limxx((e1e)×(1ex1+x)1)

 L=limx(e1e)x(1ex1+x(1ee))

 L=e1elimxx(1x1+x)  L=e1elimxx1+x

 L=e1e·1  L=e1e

  α=ee1e  logeα=e1e

   Required value =e1e1+e1e=e.



Q 21 :

limx(2x23x+5)(3x1)x2(3x2+5x+4)(3x+2)x is equal to :          [2025]

  • 2e3

     

  • 23e

     

  • 23e

     

  • 2e3

     

(2)

limx(23x+5x2)(113x)x/2(3+5x+4x2)(1+23x)x/2

=limx23·ex2(113x1)ex2(1+23x1)

=23·e16e13=23e.



Q 22 :

limx0cosec x(2 cos2x+3 cos xcos2x+sin x+4) is :           [2025]

  • 125

     

  • 115

     

  • 0

     

  • 125

     

(1)

limx0cosec x(2 cos2x+3 cos xcos2x+sin x+4)

=limx01sin x[2 cos2x+3 cos xcos2xsin x42 cos2x+3 cos x+cos2x+sin x+4]

=limx01sin x[cos2x+3 cos xsin x42 cos2x+3 cos x+cos2x+sin x+4]

=limx0[(cosx+4)(cosx1)sin xsin x]×limx0[12cos2x+3cosx+cos2x+sinx+4]

=125limx0[(cosx+4)(2sin2x2)2 sinx2cosx2)2 sinx2cosx2]

=125limx0[(sinx2)(cos x+4)cosx2cosx2]

=125[1]=125.



Q 23 :

Let f:R{0}R be a function such that f(x)6f(1x)=353x52. If the limx0(1αx+f(x))=β; α,βR, than α+2β is equal to          [2025]

  • 4

     

  • 3

     

  • 5

     

  • 6

     

(1)

We have, f(x)6f(1x)=353x52           ... (i)

Apply x1x, then

f(1x)6f(x)=35x352           ... (ii)

Using (i) and (ii), we get f(x)=2x13x+12

Now, β=limx0(1αx+f(x))

=limx0(1αx2x13x+12)

=[limx01x(1α13)]+12  α=3, β=12

Hence, α+2β=3+2×12=4



Q 24 :

The value of limn(k=1nk3+6k2+11k+5(k+3)!) is :          [2025]

  • 5/3

     

  • 4/3

     

  • 7/3

     

  • 2

     

(1)

limn[k=1nk3+6k2+11k+5(k+3)!]

=limn[k=1nk3+6k2+11k+61(k+3)!]

=limn[k=1n(k+3)(k+2)(k+1)1(k+3)!]

=limn[k=1n(1k!1(k+3)!)]

=limn[11!14!+12!15!+13!-16!+14!17!+...+1n!1(n+3)!]

=1+12!+13!=53.

 



Q 25 :

If limx0(tan xx)1x2=p, then 96logep is equal to __________.          [2025]



(32)

Given, p=limx0(tan xx)1x2

 p=elimx0(tan xxx3)

=elimx0(x+x33+2x55+...xx3)

            [ For 1 form limits, limxaf(x)g(x)=elimxa(f(x)1)g(x)]

=e1/3

  96logep=96×13=32



Q 26 :

For t > –1, let αt and βt be the roots of the equation ((t+2)1/71)x2+((t+2)1/61)x+((t+2)1/211)=0. If limt1+αt=a and limt1+βt=b, then 72(a+b)2 is equal to __________.          [2025]



(98)

a+b=limt1+(αt+βt)

=limt1+[(t+2)161](t+2)171          [Sum of roots]

Let t + 2 = y, we get

a+b=limy1+y1/61y1/71=-76

So, 72(a+b)2=72(4936)=98.



Q 27 :

Let f(x)=limnr=0n(tan(x/2r+1)+tan3(x/2r+1)1tan2(x/2r+1)). Then limx0exef(x)(xf(x)) is equal to __________.          [2025]



(1)

We have,

=limn r=0n[2 tan(x2r+1)tan(x2r+1)+tan3(x2r+1)1tan2(x2r+1)]

=limn r=0n[2 tan(x2r+1)1tan2(x2r+1)tan(x2r+1){1tan2(x2r+1)}{1tan2(x2r+1)}]

=limn r=0n(tanx2rtan(x2r+1))=tan x

Now, limx0(exetan xxtan x)

=limx0etan x(extan x1)(xtan x)=1          [ limy0ey1y=1]



Q 28 :

Let [t] be the greatest integer less than or equal to t. Then the least value of pN for which limx0+(x([1x]+[2x]+...+[px])x2([1x2]+[22x2]+...+[92x2]))1 is equal to _________.          [2025]



(24)

We have,

limx0+(x([1x]+[2x]+...+[px])x2([1x2]+[22x2]+...+[92x2]))1

 (1+2+...+p)(12+22+...+92)1

 p(p+1)29.10.1961

 p(p+1)572 p24.



Q 29 :

limx0((1-cos2(3x)cos3(4x))(sin3(4x)(loge(2x+1))5))  is equal to           [2023]
 

  • 24

     

  • 15

     

  • 9

     

  • 18

     

(4)

limx0[((1-cos23x)cos3(4x))(sin3(4x)(loge(2x+1))5)]

=limx0[sin2(3x)cos3(4x) × sin3(4x)[loge(2x+1)]5]

=limx0[sin2(3x)(3x)2×sin3(4x)(4x)3×(3x)2×(4x)3cos3(4x)·[loge(2x+1)2x]5×(2x)5]

=9×6432=18



Q 30 :

If α>β>0 are the roots of the equation ax2+bx+1=0, and limx1α(1-cos(x2+bx+a)2(1-αx)2)12=1k(1β-1α), then k is equal to       [2023]

  • 2β

     

  • α

     

  • β

     

  • 2α

     

(4)

Given, ax2+bx+1=0 has roots α,β, then x2+bx+a=0 has roots 1α,1β.

Now, limx1α(1-cos(x2+bx+a)2(1-αx)2)1/2

=limx1α(2sin2(x2+bx+a2)2(1-αx)2)1/2

=limx1α(2sin2((x-1α)(x-1β)2)2(1-αx)2)1/2

limx1α(sin2((1-αx)(1-βx)2αβ)((1-αx)(1-βx)2αβ)2×((1-αx)(1-βx)2αβ)2(1-αx)2)12

=limx1α(1-βx2αβ)=(α-β2α2β)=12α(1β-1α)

=1k(1β-1α)  (Given)

 k=2α