Q 1 :

Let f(x)=3x-2+4-x be a real valued function. If α and β are respectively the minimum and the maximum values of f, then α2+2β2 is equal to              [2024]

  • 42

     

  • 44

     

  • 24

     

  • 38

     

(1)

f(x)=3x-2+4-x

f'(x)=32x-2-124-x

∴     f'(x)=0⇒9(4-x)=(x-2)⇒x=195∈[2,4]

Now, f(2)=2, f(195)=25, f(4)=32

∴    α=2, β=25⇒α2+2β2=2+40=42

 



Q 2 :

If the function f(x)=(1x)2x; x>0 attains the maximum value at x=1e then                [2024]

  • (2e)π>π(2e)  

     

  • e2π<(2π)e  

     

  • eπ>πe  

     

  • eπ<πe

     

(3)

 



Q 3 :

If the function f(x)=2x3-9ax2+12a2x+1, a>0 has a local maximum at x=α and a local minimum at x=α2, then α and α2 are the roots of the equation :              [2024]

  • x2+6x+8=0

     

  • 8x2-6x+1=0

     

  • 8x2+6x-1=0

     

  • x2-6x+8=0

     

(4)

We have, f(x)=2x3-9ax2+12a2x+1

⇒f'(x)=6x2-18ax+12a2=6(x2-3ax+2a2)

⇒6(x-a)(x-2a)=0

      f'(x)=0⇒x=a,2a

Now, f''(x)=12x-18a

             f''(a)=12a-18a=-6a<0  (maximum)

             f''(2a)=24a-18a=6a>0  (minimum)

∴f(x) has a local maximum at x=a and minimum at x=2a.

∴ α=a and α2=2a

⇒a2=2a⇒a=0,2  ⇒a=2=α      (∵a>0)

⇒α2=4

∴  Equation having roots α and α2 is 

       x2-(α+α2)x+α·α2=0

⇒x2-(2+4)x+2×4=0⇒x2-6x+8=0



Q 4 :

A variable line L passes through the point (3, 5) and intersects the positive coordinate axes at the points A and B. The minimum area of the triangle OAB, where O is the origin, is:                       [2024]

  • 35

     

  • 40

     

  • 25

     

  • 30

     

(4)

Equation of line AB:xa+yb=1

Since, it passes through (3, 5)

∴    3a+5b=1

⇒3b+5a=ab  ⇒5a-ab=-3b  ⇒a(5-b)=-3b

⇒a=3bb-5

Area of triangle =|12×a×b|=12×3bb-5×b

⇒f(b)=3b22b-10

⇒f'(b)=0  ⇒(2b-10)6b-2(3b2)=0

⇒12b2-60b-6b2=0  ⇒6b2-60b=0

⇒b2-10b=0  ⇒b(b-10)=0

          b=0 or b=10

So for minimum area, b=10

Hence, minimum area=3b22b-10=3×(10)22×10-10

                                                                        =30010=30 sq. units



Q 5 :

The maximum area of a triangle whose one vertex is at (0, 0) and the other two vertices lie on the curve y=-2x2+54 at points (x,y) and (-x,y), where y>0, is                        [2024]

  • 108

     

  • 122

     

  • 88

     

  • 92

     

(1)

Let ABC be the required triangle whose area is A.

∴    A=12|0(y-y)+x(y-0)-x(0-y)|

=12|xy+xy|=12(2xy)=xy

=x(-2x2+54)=-2(x3-27x)

⇒A=-2(x3-27x)⇒dAdx=-6x2+54

For critical point, dAdx=0

⇒3x2-27=0⇒x2=9⇒x=±3

Now, d2Adx2=-12x,d2Adx2|x=3<0

∴   Maximum area, A=-2(27-(27×3))

                                         =-2×(-54)=108 sq. units.

 



Q 6 :

Let f(x)=(x+3)2(x-2)3, x∈[-4,4]. If M and m are the maximum and minimum values of f, respectively, in [-4,4],  then the value of M-m is:   [2024]

  • 600

     

  • 392

     

  • 108

     

  • 608

     

(4)

Given, f(x)=(x+3)2(x-2)3                               ...(i)

Differentiate (i), w.r.t. x, we get

f'(x)=2(x+3)(x-2)3+3(x+3)2(x-2)2

           =(x+3)(x-2)2[2(x-2)+(x+3)×3]

            =(x+3)(x-2)2(5x+5)

For maxima / minima, f'(x)=0

⇒(x+3)(x-2)2(5x+5)=0⇒x=-3,-1,2

Now find the value of (i) at x=-4,-3,-1,2,4

        f(-4)=(-4+3)2(-4-2)3=1×(-216)=-216

        f(-3)=0

        f(-1)=(-1+3)2(-1-2)3=4×(-27)=-108

        f(2)=0

         f(4)=(4+3)2(4-2)3=49×8=392

∴    Maximum value, M=392

          Minimum value, m=-216

Hence, M-m=392+216=608



Q 7 :

Let a rectangle ABCD of sides 2 and 4 be inscribed in another rectangle PQRS such that the vertices of the rectangle ABCD lie on the sides of the rectangle PQRS. Let a and b be the sides of the rectangle PQRS when its area is maximum. Then (a+b)2 is equal to:               [2024]

  • 80

     

  • 60

     

  • 64

     

  • 72

     

(4)

In ∆CDS, we have

cosθ=CSCD

⇒cosθ=CS4

⇒CS=4cosθ

Similarly, in ∆BCR we have

sinθ=CR2

⇒CR=2sinθ

∴  SR=CS+CR=4cosθ+2sinθ

Similarly, PS=4sinθ+2cosθ

∴ Area of PQRS=PS×SR

=16cosθsinθ+8cos2θ+8sin2θ+4sinθcosθ

=8(cos2θ+sin2θ)+10(2sinθcosθ)

=8+10sin(2θ)

Area is maximum, when sin2θ=1⇒θ=45°

∴ Side a=4sinθ+2cosθ                               [∵  θ=45o]

=42+22=62=32

and b=4cosθ+2sinθ=32

Now, (a+b)2=(62)2=72

 



Q 8 :

Let f(x)=4cos3x+33cos2x-10. The number of points of local maxima of f in the interval (0,2π) is:               [2024]

  • 2

     

  • 3

     

  • 4

     

  • 1

     

(1)

f(x)=4cos3x+33cos2x-10

f'(x)=-12cos2xsinx-63cosxsinx

          =-6sinxcosx[2cosx+3]

Critical points are x=0,π2,π-π6,π+π6,π+π2,π,2π

Sign of f(x)

Points of local maxima =5π6,7π6



Q 9 :

The function f(x)=2x+3(x)2/3,  x∈R, has                                   [2024]

  • exactly one point of local minima and no point of local maxima

     

  • exactly two points of local maxima and exactly one point of local minima

     

  • exactly one point of local maxima and no point of local minima

     

  • exactly one point of local maxima and exactly one point of local minima

     

(4)

We have, f(x)=2x+3x2/3

⇒f'(x)=2+3·23x-1/3=2(1+x-1/3)

For critical points, f'(x)=0

⇒1+x-1/3=0⇒x1/3=-1⇒x=-1

The sign scheme of f'(x) is

∴  x=-1 is the point of local maxima and x=0 is the point of local minima.



Q 10 :

Let A be the region enclosed by the parabola y2=2x and the line x=24. Then the maximum area of the rectangle inscribed in the region A is _____.          [2024]



(128)

y2=2x and x=24

∴  Area of the rectangle, A=(24-x)2y

       =(24-y22)2y

        =48y-y3

dAdy=48-3y2

dAdy=0⇒48-3y2=0⇒y2=16⇒y=±4

Now, d2Ady2=-6y

          d2Ady2|y=4=-24<0  (Maximum)

           d2Ady2|y=-4=24>0  (Minimum)

Hence, for maximum area, y=4⇒x=8

Hence, maximum area=(24-8)×2×4=128



Q 11 :

Let the set of all positive values of λ, for which the point of local minimum of the function (1+x(λ2-x2)) satisfies x2+x+2x2+5x+6<0, be (α,β). Then α2+β2 is equal to _____________ .                  [2024]



(39)

Let f(x)=1+x(λ2-x2)

       f(x)=-x3+(λ2x+1)

⇒f'(x)=-3x2+λ2

Put f'(x)=0

⇒λ2-3x2=0⇒(λ-3x)(λ+3x)=0

x=±λ3,f''(x)=-6x

So, x=-λ3 is point of minima.

Now, -λ3 should satisfy the given condition x2+x+2x2+5x+6<0

i.e.,  1(x+2)(x+3)<0                                       [∵ x2+x+2>0]

⇒x∈(-3,-2)

⇒-3<-λ3<-2⇒-33<-λ<-23

23<λ<33⇒λ∈(23,33)≡(α,β)                 (∵ Given)

∴ (23)2+(33)2=12+27=39



Q 12 :

If the function f(x)=2x3–9ax2+12a2x+1, where a > 0, attains its local maximum and local minimum values at p and q, respectively, such that p2=q, then f(3) is equal to :          [2025]

  • 55

     

  • 10

     

  • 37

     

  • 23

     

(3)

We have, f(x)=2x3–9ax2+12a2x+1

⇒ f'(x)=6x2–18ax+12a2

⇒ f(x)=6(x2–3ax+2a2)=6(x–a)(x–2a)

⇒ f'(x)=0 ⇒ 6(x–a)(x–2a)=0 ⇒ x=a, 2a

Now, f''(x)=6(2x–3a)

           f''(a)=6(2a–3a)=–6a<0 

∴   x = a is point of maxima          {∵ a > 0}

            f''(2a)=6(4a–3a)=6a>0 

∴   x = 2a is a point of minima

So, p = a and q = 2a.

Given, p2=q ⇒ a2=2a ⇒ a=2

Now, f(x)=2x3–9ax2+12a2x+1

            f(3) = 54 – 162 + 144 + 1 = 37.



Q 13 :

Let f:R→R be a function defined by f(x)=||x+2|–2|x||. If m is the number of points of local minima and n is the number of points of local maxima of f, then m + n is          [2025]

  • 3

     

  • 4

     

  • 5

     

  • 2

     

(1)

We have, f(x)=||x+2|–2|x||

⇒ f(x)={(–x+2),x<–2(–3x–2),–2≤x<–23(3x+2),–23≤x<0(–x+2),0≤x<2(x–2),x>2

Critical points are x=–2,–23,0,2

Number of local maxima = 1 = n

Number of local minima = 2 = m

∴   m + n = 2 + 1 = 3.



Q 14 :

Let a > 0. If the function f(x)=6x3–45ax2+108a2x+1 attains its local maximum and minimum values at the points x1 and x2 respectively such that x1x2=54, then a+x1+x2 is equal to :          [2025]

  • 18

     

  • 24

     

  • 13

     

  • 15

     

(1)

We have, f(x)=6x3–45ax2+108a2x+1.

Since local max. and min. values occur when f'(x)=0

f'(x)=18x2–90ax+108a2=0 ⇒ x=2a and 3a

i.e., x1=2a, x2=3a 

Also, we have x1x2=54 ⇒ 6a2=54 ⇒ a=3

∴  a+x1+x2=3+6+9=18.



Q 15 :

Let x = –1 and x = 2 be the critical points of the function f(x)=x3+ax2+b loge |x|+1, x≠0. Let m and M respectively be the absolute minimum and the absolute maximum values of f in the interval [–2,–12]. Then |M + m| is equal to

(Take loge 2=0.7):          [2025]

  • 19.8

     

  • 22.1

     

  • 21.1

     

  • 20.9

     

(3)

We have, f(x)=x3+ax2+b loge |x|+1, x≠0

f'(x)=3x2+2ax+bx

f'(-1)=3–2a–b=0

f'(2)=12+4a+b2=0 ⇒ a=–92, b=12

∴  f(x)=x3–92x2+12 loge |x|+1

f(–1)=–1–92+1=–92

M = – 4.5

Min. value at x = – 2

f(–2)=–8–18+12 loge 2+1

m = – 25 + 12(0.7) = – 16.6

∴   |M + m| = 21.1



Q 16 :

Let the length of a latus rectum of an ellipse x2a2+y2b2=1 be 10. If its eccentricity is the minimum value of the function f(t)=t2+t+1112, t∈R, then a2+b2 is equal to:          [2025]

  • 126

     

  • 120

     

  • 115

     

  • 125

     

(1)

Length of latus rectum =2b2a=10          [Given]

⇒ 5a=b2          ... (i)

Now, eccentricity is minimum value of

        f(t)=t2+t+1112

⇒ f'(t)=2t+1

For critical point f'(t)=0

⇒ 2t+1=0 ⇒ t=–12

Since, f''(t)=2>0, so at t=–12, f(t) will give the minimum value.

∴  f(–12)=14–12+1112=3–6+1112=23

⇒ e=23 ⇒ 23=1–b2a2

⇒ 49=1–5aa2          [Using (i)]

⇒ 49=1–5a ⇒ 5a=1–49=59 ⇒ a=9

⇒ b=45=35

∴  a2+b2=(9)2+(35)2=81+45=126.



Q 17 :

Let f:R→R be a polynomial function of degree four having extreme values at x = 4 and x = 5. If limx→0f(x)x2=5, then f(2) is equal to :          [2025]

  • 12

     

  • 14

     

  • 8

     

  • 10

     

(4)

We have, limx→0f(x)x2=5

Let f(x)=ax4+bx3+cx2+dx+e

⇒ limx→0(ax4+bx3+cx2+dx+e)x2=5

⇒ c=5 and d=e=0

∴  f(x)=ax4+bx3+5x2

      f'(x)=4ax3+3bx2+10x

                   =x(4ax2+3bx+10)

∵   f(x) has extreme values at x = 4 and x = 5, so f(4) = 0 and f(5) = 0.

Using derivative and its values, we get

a=18 and b=–32

Now, f(2)=18×24–32×23+5×22

                      = 2 – 12 + 20 = 10.



Q 18 :

Consider the region R={(x,y):x≤y≤9–113x2, x≥0}.

The area, of the largest rectangle of sides parallel to the coordinate axes and inscribed in R, is :          [2025]

  • 821123

     

  • 625111

     

  • 567121

     

  • 730119

     

(3)

The given region R is shown below:

Here, x = t and y=9–11t33–t

Area of required rectangle,

A=xy=t(9–11t23–t)=9t–t2–113t3

dAdt=9–2t–11t2

For critical points, dAdt=0

⇒ 11t2+2t–9=0

⇒ 11t2+11t–9t–9=0

⇒ t=–1 or t=911

d2Adt2=–2–22t

d2Adt2>0 at t=–1          i.e., minima and

d2Adt2<0 at t=911          i.e., maxima

∴   Maxima at t=911

∴   Largest area =911(9–113×81121–911)=911×6311=567121.



Q 19 :

If the set of all values of a, for which the equation 5x3–15x–a=0 has three distinct real roots, is the interval (α, β), then β–2α is equal to __________.          [2025]



(30)

Given, 5x3–15x–a=0 ⇒ a=5x3–15x

Let P(x)=5x3–15x

Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get

P'(x)=15x2–15=15

(x–1)(x+1)

∴  x∈(–10,10)

∴  β–2α=10–2(–10)=10+20=30.



Q 20 :

A square piece of tin of side 30 cm is to be made into a box without top by cutting a square from each corner and folding up the flaps to form a box. If the volume of the box is maximum, then its surface area (in cm2) is equal to               [2023]

  • 675

     

  • 900

     

  • 1025

     

  • 800

     

(4)

Volume of cuboid, v(x)=(30-2x)2x

∴  dvdx=(30-2x)2+2x(30-2x)(-2)=0

⇒(30-2x)(30-2x-4x)=0

⇒(30-2x)(30-6x)=0⇒x=5,15

∵  x=15 not possible,    ∴ x=5

d2vdx2=24x-240

At x=5; d2vdx2=24(5)-240=-120<0

∴  The volume of the box is maximum at x=5

∴ Surface area =(30-2x)2+4x(30-2x)

=(20)2+4×5×20=400+400=800 cm2



Q 21 :

If the local maximum value of the function f(x)=(3e2sinx)sin2x, x∈(0,π2) is ke, then (ke)8+k8e5+k8 is equal to             [2023]

  • e3+e5+e11

     

  • e3+e6+e10

     

  • e5+e6+e11

     

  • e3+e6+e11

     

(4)

 



Q 22 :

max0≤x≤π{x-2sinxcosx+13sin3x}=                 [2023]

  • π

     

  • π+2-336

     

  • 5π+2+336

     

  • 0

     

(3)

Let f(x)=x-2sinxcosx+13sin3x,  0≤x≤π

f(x)=x-sin2x+13sin3x

f'(x)=1-2cos2x+cos3x=0

⇒4cos3x-3cosx-2(2cos2x-1)+1=0

⇒4cos3x-4cos2x-3cosx+3=0

⇒4cos2x(cosx-1)-3(cosx-1)=0

⇒(cosx-1)(4cos2x-3)=0

⇒cosx=1,±32  ∴  x=0,π6,5π6

Now, f''(x)=4sin2x-3sin3x

Now, f''(0)=0

f''(π6)>0 and  f''(5π6)<0⇒(5π6) is a point of maxima.

Hence, f(5π6)=5π6-2sin5π6cos5π6+13sin5π2

=5π6-sin2(5π6)+13=5π2+32+13=5π+33+26



Q 23 :

Let f(x)=2x+tan-1x and g(x)=loge(1+x2+x), x∈[0,3]. Then            [2023]  
 

  • minf'(x)=1+maxg'(x)

     

  • there exist 0<x1<x2<3 such that f(x)<g(x),∀x∈(x1,x2)

     

  • maxf(x)>maxg(x)

     

  • there exists x^∈[0,3] such that f'(x^)<g'(x^)

     

(3)

We have, f(x)=2x+tan-1x and g(x)=loge(1+x2+x)

g'(x)=11+x2+x[121+x2×2x+1]

=x+1+x2(1+x2+x)(1+x2)=11+x2; f'(x)=2+11+x2

Both f(x) and g(x) are strictly increasing functions in [0, 3].

Max f(x)=f(3)=6+tan-13

Max g(x)=g(3)=ln(10+3)

Max f(x)>Max g(x), x∈[0,3]



Q 24 :

Let

f(x)=|1+sin2xcos2xsin2xsin2x1+cos2xsin2xsin2xcos2x1+sin2x|, x∈[π6,π3].

If α and β respectively are the maximum and the minimum values of f, then             [2023]
 

  • β2+2α=194

     

  • α2+β2=92

     

  • α2-β2=43

     

  • β2-2α=194

     

(4)

 



Q 25 :

The sum of the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function f(x)=|x2-5x+6|-3x+2 in the interval [-1,3] is equal to              [2023]

  • 12

     

  • 10

     

  • 24

     

  • 13

     

(2)

f(x)=|x2-5x+6|-3x+2

f(x)={x2-8x+8,x∈[-1,2]-x2+2x-4,x∈[2,3]

From the graph, Maximum value = 17 

Minimum value = - 7 as f(-1) = 17 and f(3)=-7

∴ Sum of the absolute maximum and minimum values = 17-7=10



Q 26 :

Let x = 2 be a local minima of the function f(x)=2x4-18x2+8x+12, x∈(-4,4). If M is the local maximum value of the function f in (- 4, 4), then M=         [2023]

  • 186-332

     

  • 126-332

     

  • 126-312

     

  • 186-312

     

(2)

f(x)=2x4-18x2+8x+12 

f'(x)=8x3-36x+8=4(x-2)(2x2+4x-1)

Sign of f'(x) is given below

Point of maxima = 6-22 

M=126-332



Q 27 :

Let the function f(x)=2x3+(2p-7)x2+3(2p-9)x-6 have a maxima for some value of x < 0 and a minima for some value of x > 0. Then, the set of all values of p is    [2023]

  • (92,∞)

     

  • (0,92)

     

  • (-92,92)

     

  • (-∞,92)

     

(4)

We have, f(x)=2x3+(2p-7)x2+3(2p-9)x-6

Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get 

f'(x)=6x2+2(2p-7)x+3(2p-9) 

∵  f'(0)<0⇒3(2p-9)<0 

⇒p<92

 So, p∈(-∞,92)



Q 28 :

If the functions f(x)=x33+2bx+ax22 and g(x)=x33+ax+bx2, a≠2b, have a common extreme point, then a+2b+7 is equal to       [2023]

  • 32

     

  • 3

     

  • 6

     

  • 4

     

(3)

We have, f(x)=x33+2bx+ax22

and g(x)=x33+ax+bx2,  a≠2b

For critical points,

       f'(x)=x2+2b+ax=0  ...(i)

       g'(x)=x2+2bx+a=0  ...(ii)

Since f(x) and g(x) have a common extreme point,  

∴condition for a common root is

α=a2c1-a1c2a1b2-a2b1=b1c2-b2c1a2c1-a1c2, α≠0 =2b-a2b-a=a2-4b22b-a

⇒(a+2b)(a-2b)-(a-2b)=1 ⇒a+2b=-1

∴    a+2b+7=-1+7=6



Q 29 :

A wire of length 20 m is to be cut into two pieces. A piece of length l1 is bent to make a square of area A1 and the other piece of length l2 is made into a circle of area A2. If 2A1+3A2 is minimum, then (πl1):l2 is equal to:            [2023]
 

  • 6 : 1

     

  • 3 : 1

     

  • 4 : 1

     

  • 1 : 6

     

(1)

Let x be the side of the square and r=radius of the circle.  

Now, l1=4x and l2=2πr. Then 4x+2πr=l(let)  ...(i)

Also, A1=x2 and A2=πr2

Let A=2A1+3A2=2x2+3πr2

=2x2+3π(l-4x2π)2=2x2+34π(l-4x)2  [From (i)]

Now, dAdx=4x+32π(l-4x)(-4)

For minima, dAdx=0; 4x+32π(l-4x)×(-4)=0

⇒x=6l4π+24

Now,  l1=4x=6lπ+6 and l2=2πr=l-4x

⇒l2=l-6lπ+6=πlπ+6

Now,  
πl1l2=π(6lπ+6)(πlπ+6)=6:1



Q 30 :

The number of points, where the curve y=x5-20x3+50x+2 crosses the x-axis, is __________ .          [2023]



(5)

Let f(x)=y=x5-20x3+50x+2

⇒dydx=5x4-60x2+50=5(x4-12x2+10)

Put dydx=0⇒x4-12x2+10=0

⇒x2=12±144-402⇒x2=6±26⇒x2≈6±5.1

⇒x2≈11.1, 0.9⇒x≈±3.3, ±0.95

f(0)=2, f(1)=+ve, f(2)=-ve; f(-1)=-ve, f(-2)=+ve

∴  y crosses the x-axis at 5 points.