Study Chapter Details
UP Board Class 11 Chemistry – Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
The chapter Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure explains how atoms combine to form molecules and the forces that hold them together. Understanding chemical bonds is essential because the structure of a molecule determines its properties and behavior in chemical reactions.
Students learn about different types of chemical bonds such as ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds, along with concepts like electronegativity, bond polarity, bond length, bond angle, and bond energy. The chapter also introduces Lewis structures and the octet rule, which help students draw and predict molecular arrangements.
A major highlight of this chapter is the VSEPR theory, which explains molecular shapes such as linear, bent, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, and more. Students also study valence bond theory (VBT), hybridization, and molecular orbital theory (MOT) to understand how orbitals overlap and form stable molecules.
