Q 1 :

If A(1, –1, 2), B(5, 7, –6), C(3, 4, –10) and D(–1, –4, –2) are the vertices of a quadrilateral ABCD, then its area is :          [2024]

  • 247

     

  • 1229

     

  • 487

     

  • 2429

     

(2)

We have, A(1, –1, 2), B(5, 7, –6), C(3, 4, –10) and D(–1, –4, –2)

AC and BD are diagonals of ABCD.

Now, AC=2i^+5j^12k^

and BD=6i^+11j^4k^

Area, of ABCD12||i^j^k^25126114||

=12|112i^64j^8k^|=12×16704

=12×2429=1229.



Q 2 :

Let a=2i^+5j^k^, b=2i^2j^+2k^ and c be three vectors such that (c+i^)×(a+b+i^)=a×(c+i^). If a·c=29, then c·(2i^+j^+k^) is equal to :          [2024]

  • 15

     

  • 5

     

  • 12

     

  • 10

     

(2)

Consider a+b+i^

=2i^+5j^k^+2i^2j^+2k^+i^

=5i^+3j^+k^

Now, (c+i^)×(a+b+i^)=a×(c+i^)

 (c+i^)×(5i^+3j^+k^)=(2i^+5j^k^)×(c+i^)

 (c+i^)×(5i^+3j^+k^+2i^+5j^k^)=0

 (c+i^)×(7i^+8j^)=0

 c+i^=λ(7i^+8j^)

a·c+a·i^=λa·(7i^+8j^)

 29+2=λ(14+40)  λ=12

   c+i^=72i^4j^

 c=92i^4j^

  c·(2i^+j^+k^)=94=5.



Q 3 :

Consider three vectors a,b,c. Let |a|=2, |b|=3 and a=b×c. If α[0,π3] is the angle between the vectors b and c, then the minimum value of 27|ca|2 is equal to :          [2024]

  • 105

     

  • 124

     

  • 121

     

  • 110

     

(2)

Consider |ca|2

    =|c|2+|a|22a·c=|c|2+42(b×c)·c=|c|2+40

  |ca|2=|c|2+4          ... (i)

Now, |a|=|b×c|  2=|b||c|sin α,   α[0,π3]

    =3|c| sin α

 |c|=23cosec α

 |c|min=23×23              (  α[0,π3])

 27|ca|min2=27(1627+4)

    =16 + 108 = 124.



Q 4 :

If A(3, 1, –1), B(53,73,13), C(2, 2, 1) and D(103,23,13) are the vertices of a quadrilateral ABCD, then its area is          [2024]

  • 523

     

  • 423

     

  • 22

     

  • 223

     

(2)

Gicen, A(3, 1, –1), B(53,73,13)C(2, 2, 1) and D(103,23,13) are vertices of quadrilateral ABCD

AC=(23)i^+(21)j^+(1+1)k^=i^+j^+2k^

BD=(10353)i^+(2373)j^+(1313)k^=53i^53j^23k^

Area of quadrilateral ABCD12|AC×BD|

=12||i^j^k^1125/35/32/3||=12|i^(83)j^(83)+k^(0)|

=12649+649=423sq. units.



Q 5 :

Let a=2i^+j^k^, b=((a×(i^+j^))×i^)×i^. Then the square of the projection of a on b is :           [2024]

  • 13

     

  • 15

     

  • 23

     

  • 2

     

(4)

We have, a=2i^+j^k^

and b=((a×(i^+j^))×i^)×i^

  =(|i^j^k^211110|×i^)×i^=((i^j^+k^)×i^)

   =|i^j^k^111100|×i^=(j^+k^)×i^=k^+j^

 b=j^k^

So, projection of a on ba·b|b|=22=2

  Square of projection = 2.



Q 6 :

Let a=6i^+j^k^ and b=i^+j^. If c is a vector such that |c|6,a·c=6|c|,|ca|=22 and the angle between a×b and c is 60°, then |(a×b)×c| is equal to :          [2024]

  • 323

     

  • 92(66)

     

  • 92(6+6)

     

  • 326

     

(3)

We have, |(a×b)×c|=|a×b||c| sin60°

Now, a×b=|i^j^k^611110|=i^j^+5k^

So, |a×b|=1+1+25=27=33

Also, |c-a|=22        [Given]

 |c|2+|a|22|c·a|=8

 |c|2+3812|c|=8          [  c·a=6|c|]

 |c|212|c|+30=0

 |c|=12+242          [  |c|6]

 |c|=6+6

  |(a×b)×c|=27×(6+6)×32=92(6+6).



Q 7 :

The set of all α, for which the vectors a=αti^+6j^3k^ and b=ti^2j^2αtk^ are inclined at an obtuse angle for all tR, is          [2024]

  • [0, 1)

     

  • (–2, 0]

     

  • (43,0]

     

  • (43,1)

     

(3)

Given, a=αti^+6j^3k^ and b=ti^2j^2αtk^

So, a·b<0 tR      [  a and b are inclined at an obtuse angle]

 αt212+6αt<0 tR  α<0 and D<0

 36α2+48α<0  12α(3α+4)<0

 43<α<0

Also, for α=0, a·b<0  α(43,0].



Q 8 :

Let a=4i^j^+k^, b=11i^j^+k^ and c be a vector that (a+b)×c=c×(2a+3b). If (2a+3b)·c=1670, then |c|2 is equal to :          [2024]

  • 1600

     

  • 1618

     

  • 1627

     

  • 1609

     

(2)

We have, a=4i^j^+k^ and b=11i^j^+k^

a·b=44+1+1=46, |a|2=18, |b|2=123

(a+b)×c=c×(2a+3b)          ... (i)          [Given]

and (2a+3b)·c=1670          ... (ii)

  (a+b)×c=(2a3b)×c          [From (i)]

 (a+4b)×c=0  c=λ(4ba)

 (2a+3b)·λ(4ba)=1670          [From (ii)]

 λ(5a·b2|a|2+12|b|2)=1670

 λ=16705×462×18+12×123=1

Now, c=4ba=4(11i^j^+k^)(4i^j^+k^)

        =40i^3j^+3k^

  |c|2=1600+9+9=1618.



Q 9 :

Let three vectors a=αi^+4j^+2k^, b=5i^+3j^+4k^, c=xi^+yj^+zk^ form a triangle such that c=ab and the area of the triangle is 56. If α is a positive real number, then |c|2 is equal to:          [2024]

  • 14

     

  • 16

     

  • 12

     

  • 10

     

(1)

We have, c=ab

  c=(α5)i^+j^2k^

Let ABC be the given triangle.

Area of ABC=12|a×b|=12||i^j^k^α42534||

  12|10i^(4α10)j^+(3α20)k^|=56          [Given]

=100+(4α10)2+(3α20)2=600

  25α2200α=0  α=8      [α.]

  |c|2=9+1+4=14.



Q 10 :

Let OA=2a and OB=6a+5b and OC=3b where O is the origin. If the area of the parallelogram with adjacent sides OA and OC is 15 sq. units, then the area (in sq. units) of the quadrilateral OABC is equal to:          [2024]

  • 35

     

  • 40

     

  • 38

     

  • 32

     

(1)

We have, |OA×OC|=15

  |2a×3b|=15    |a×b|=52          ... (i)

Area of quadrilateral OABC=12|OB×AC|

=12|(6a+5b)×(3b2a)|=12|18(a×b)10(b×a)|

=12|18(a×b)+10(a×b)|=14|a×b|

=14×52  [using (i)]

= 35 sq. units.



Q 11 :

Let a=2i^+αj^+k^, b=i^+k^, c=βj^k^, where α and β are integers and αβ=6. Let the values of the ordered pair (α,β), for which the area of the parallelogram of diagonals a+b and b+c is 212, be (α1,β1)and (α2,β2). Then α12+β12α2β2 is equal to          [2024]

  • 21

     

  • 17

     

  • 24

     

  • 19

     

(4)

Area of parallelogram =12×|(a+b)×(b+c)|

  212=12|(a+b)×(b+c)|

  21=|(i^+αj^+2k^)×(i^+βj^)|

  21=||i^j^k^1α21β0||

  21=|2βi^2j^+(α+β)k^|

  α2+5β2+2αβ=17

  α2+5β2=17+12          [ αβ=6]

  α2+5β2=29

and αβ=6,α,β are integers.

  α=3,β=2 or α=3,β=2

α12+β12α2β2=9+4+6=19.



Q 12 :

Between the following two statements:

Statement-I: Let a=i^+2j^3k^ and b=2i^+j^k^. Then the vector r satisfying a×r=a×b and a·r=0 is of magnitude 10.

Statement-II: In a triangle ABC, cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C 32.          [2024]

  • Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect.

     

  • Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.

     

  • Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.

     

  • Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

     

(2)

We have, a×r=a×b

  a×(rb)=0    a=λ(rb)

  a·a=λ(a·ra·b)

  |a|2=λ(07)    14=7λ

  λ=2    r=ba2=2ba2=3i^+k^2

So, |r|=102

So, Statement-I is incorrect.

Let ABC be given triangle and O be its circumcentre

Now, OA = a, OB = b and OCc

Now, |OA| = |OB| = |OC|

(distance from circumcentre will be same for all vertices.)

Consider (OA + OB + OC)

=(a+b+c)20

  |a|2+|b|2+|c|2+2a·b+2b·c+2c·a0

  3|a|2+2|a||b|cos2C+2|b||c|cos2A+2|c||a|cos2B0

  3|a|2+2|a|2[cos2A+cos2B+cos2C]0

  2[cos2A+cos2B+cos2C]3      [ |a| >0]

  cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 232

Hence, Statement-II is correct.



Q 13 :

Let OA=a, OB=12a+4b and OC=b, where O is the origin. If S is the parallelogram with adjacent sides OA and OC, then area of the quadrilateral OABCarea of S is equal to __________.          [2024]

  • 8

     

  • 10

     

  • 7

     

  • 6

     

(1)

We have,

Area of parallelogram, S=|OA×OC|=|a×b|          ... (i)

Area of quad. OABC = Area of OAB + Area of OBC

=12|OA×OB|+12|OB×OC|

=12|a×(12a+4b)|+12|(12a+4b)×b|

=12×(4|a×b|+12|a×b|)=8|a×b|

  Area of quad. OABCArea of parallelogram=8|a×b||a×b|=8.



Q 14 :

Let A(2, 3, 5) and C(–3, 4, –2) be opposite vertices of a parallelogram ABCD. If the diagonal BD=i^+2j^+3k^, then the area of the parallelogram is equal to          [2024]

  • 12410

     

  • 12474

     

  • 12586

     

  • 12306

     

(2)

Area of parallelogram ABCD

=12|AC×BD|

=12|(5i^+j^7j^)×(i^+2j^+3k^)|

=12||i^j^k^517123||

=12|(3+14)i^(-15+7)j^+(101)k^|

=12|(17i^+8j^11k^)|

=12289+64+121=12474 sq. units.



Q 15 :

Let a=i^+αj^+βk^, α,βR. Let a vector b be such that the angle between a and b is π4 and |b|2=6. If a·b=32, then the value of (α2+β2)|a×b|2 is equal to          [2024]

  • 95

     

  • 85

     

  • 90

     

  • 75

     

(3)

Given, a·b=32 and angle between a and b is π4.

  |a||b|cosπ4=32    |a|(6)(12)=32

  |a|=6

Since, a=i^+αj^+βk^    |a|=1+α2+β2=6

  1+α2+β2=6    α2+β2=5

also, |a×b|2=|a|2|b|2sin2π4=6×6×12=18

  (α2+β2)|a×b|2=5×18=90.



Q 16 :

Let a=3i^+j^-2k^b=4i^+j^+7k^ and c=i^3j^+4k^ be three vectors. If a vectors p satisfies p×b=c×b and p·a=0, then p·(i^j^k^) is equal to          [2024]

  • 28

     

  • 32

     

  • 36

     

  • 24

     

(2)

Given, a=3i^+j^2k^b=4i^+j^+7k^ and c=i^3j^+4k^

Also, p×b=c×b

(pc)×b=0    b||pc    (pc)=λb

let λb+c=p

  p=i^(4λ+1)+j^(λ3)+k^(7λ+4)    p·a=0

  (4λ+1)3+(λ3)(1)+(7λ+4)(2)=0

  12λ+3+λ314λ8    λ=8

  p=31i^11j^52k^

   p·(i^j^k^)=31+11+52

   p·(i^j^k^)=32.



Q 17 :

Let ABC be a triangle of area 152 and the vectors AB=i^+2j^7k^, BC=ai^+bj^+ck^ and AC=6i^+dj^2k^, d > 0. Then the square of the length of the largest side of the triangle ABC is __________.          [2024]



(54)

Area of triangle, ABC = 152

12|AB×AC|=152          ... (i)

Now, AB×AC=|i^j^k^1276d2|

=(7d4)i^40j^+(d12)k^          ... (ii)

From (i) and (ii), we get

12(7d4)2+1600+(d12)2=152

  5d28d 4 = 0

  d=25 (Rejected as d > 0) or d = 2

Also, AB+BC=AC

  (i^+2j^7k^)+(ai^+bj^+ck^)=6i^+dj^2k^

  (a+1)i^+(2+b)j^+(7+c)k^=6i^+2j^2k^

  a+1=6    a=5

and b + 2 = 2  b = 0 and c – 7 = –2  c = 5

Hence, |AB¯|=54,|AC¯|=44,|BC¯|=50

Largest side has length of 54

  |AB|2 =54.



Q 18 :

Let a=i^3j^+7k^, b=2i^j^+k^ and c be a vector such that (a+2b)×c=3(c×a). If a·c=130, then b·c is equal to __________.          [2024]



(30)

Let c=xi^+yj^+zk^

Now,a+2b=5i^5j^+9k^

Given, (a+2b)×c=3(c×a)

  |i^j^k^559xyz|=3|i^j^k^xyz137|

  i^(5z9y)j^(5z9x)+k^(5y+5x)

  3[i^(7y+3z)j^(7xz)+k^(3xy)]

  5z9y=21y+9z and 5z9x=21x3z

  30y=14z and 8z=30x

  z=3014y and z=308x

  z=157y=154x

  4y=7x

Now, a·c=130

  x3y+7z=130

  x3(74x)+7(154x)=130

  130x=4×130  x=4,y=7 and z=15

  b·c=(2i^j^+k^)(4i^7j^+15k^)

= 8 + 7 +15 = 30.



Q 19 :

Let a=2i^3j^+4k^b=3i^+4j^5k^ and a vector c be such that a×(b+c)+b×c=i^+8j^+13k^. If a·c=13, then (24b·c) is equal to __________.          [2024]



(46)

We have, a×(b+c)+b×c=i^+8j^+13k^

  (a×b)+(a×c)+(b×c)=i^+8j^+13k^

  a×(a×b)+a×(a×c)+a×(b×c)=a×(i^+8j^+13k^)

  (a·b)aa2b+(a·c)aa2c+(a·c)b(a·b)c=a×(i^+8j^+13k^)

  26a29b+13a29c+13b+26c=|i^j^k^2341813|

  13a16b3c=71i^22j^+19k^

  13a·b16b23b·c=2138895

  3388003b·c=396

  4623b·c=396  b·c=22

.  24b·c=24+22=46



Q 20 :

Let a=9i^13j^+25k^b=3i^+7j^13k^ and c=17i^2j^+k^ be three given vectors. If r is a vector such that r×a=(b+c)×a and r·(bc)=0, then |593r+67a|2(593)2 is equal to __________.          [2024]



(569)

We have, r×a=(b+c)×a

  [r(b+c)]×a=0  r(b+c)=λa, for some scalar λ.

  r=λa+b+c

Also, r·(bc)=0  (λa+b+c)·(bc)=0

  λa·bλa·c+|b|2b·c+b·c|c|2=0

  λ=|c|2|b|2a·ba·c=294227389204=67593

  r=b+c67593a    |593r+67a|2(593)2=(593(b+c))2(593)2

=|b+c|2=|20i^+5j^12k^|2=569.



Q 21 :

Let a=i^+j^+k^b=i^8j^+2k^ and c=4i^+c2 j^+c3k^ be three vectors such that b×a=c×a. If the angle between the vector c and the vector 3i^+4j^+k^ is θ, then the greatest integer less than or equal to tan2θ is __________.          [2024]



(38)

We have, b×a=c×a

  10i^+3j^+7k^=i^(c2c3)j^(4c3)+k^(4c2)

On comparing, we get c2=3, c3=7

  c=4i^3j^+7k^

Now, c·(3i^+4j^+k^)|c||3i^+4j^+k^|  cosθ

  cosθ=1212+77426  cosθ=72481

So, tanθ=2537  tan2θ=38.26

  [tan2θ]=[38.26]=38



Q 22 :

Let a and b be two vectors such that |a|=1, |b|=4 and a·b=2. If c=(2a×b)3b and the angle between b and c is α, then 192 sin2α is equal to __________.          [2024]



(48)

Given |a|=1, |b|=4 and a·b=2

  |a×b|2=|a|2|b|2(a·b)2

     |a×b|2=164=12

Now c=2a×b3b

  |c|2=4|a×b|2+9|b|2

     |c|2=4×12+9×16=192

     c=(2a×b)3b          [Taking dot product with b]

     b·c=03|b|2=48

Let α be the angle between b and c then

cosα=b·c|b||c|=484×83=32  α=5π6

then 192sin2α=192sin2(150°)=192×sin2(180°30°)

      =192×sin230°=192×14=48.



Q 23 :

Let a=3i^+2j^+k^b=2i^j^+3k^ and c be a vector such that (a+b)×c=2(a×b)+24j^6k^ and (ab+i^)·c=3. Then |c|2 is equal to __________.          [2024]



(38)

We have, a=3i^+2j^+k^b=2i^j^+3k^

Let c=xi^+yj^+zk^

(a+b)×c=(3i^+2j^+k^+2i^j^+3k^)×(xi^+yj^+zk^)

=(5i^+j^+4k^)×(xi^+yj^+zk^)

=(z4y)i^(5z4x)j^+(5yx)k^

a×b=7i^7j^7k^

  (z4y)i^(5z4x)j^+(5yx)k^=2(7i^7j^7k^)+24j^6k^

On comparing, we get

z – 4y = 14   ... (i),        5z – 4x = –10   ... (ii),          5yx = –20   ... (iii)

From (i), z = 14 +4y

Now, (ab+i^)·c=3

  (3i^+2j^+k^2i^+j^3k^+i^)·(xi^+yj^+zk^)=3

  (2i^+3j^2k^)·(xi^+yj^+zk^)=3

2x + 3y – 2z = –3

  2x+3(x205)2(4x105)=3

  10x+3x608x+20=15

  5x25=0  x=5  y=5205=3

z = 14 + 4y = 2

  c=5i^3j^+2k^; |c|2=25+9+4=38.



Q 24 :

Let ABCD be a tetrahedron such that the edges AB, AC and AD are mutually perpendicular. Let the areas of the triangles ABC, ACD and ADB be 5, 6 and 7 square units respectively. Then the area (in square units) of the BCD is equal to :          [2025]

  • 110

     

  • 73

     

  • 340

     

  • 12

     

(1)

We have, ar(ABC) = 5

 12×b×c=5  bc=10,

ar(ACD) = 6

 12×c×d=6  cd=12,

ar(ABD)=7

 12×b×d=7  bd=14

BC=bi^+cj^ and BD=bi^+dk^

BC×BD=|i^j^k^bc0b0d|=cdi^+bdj^+bck^

|BC×BD|=c2d2+b2d2+b2c2

                        =122+142+102=440

  Area (BCD)=12|BC×BD|

 12|440|=110 sq. units



Q 25 :

Let a=2i^3j^+k^b=3i^+2j^+5k^ and a vector c be such that (ac)×b=18i^3j^+12k^ and a·c=3. If b×c=d, then |a·d| is equal to :          [2025]

  • 12

     

  • 18

     

  • 15

     

  • 9

     

(3)

a×b=|i^j^k^231325|

               =i^(152)j^(103)+k^(4+9)=17i^7j^+13k^

Consider, (a×b)((ac)×b)

              =(a×b)(a×bc×b)=d          [ b×c=d]

  d=(ac)×b(a×b)

              =18i^3j^+12k^(17i^7j^+13k^)=i^+4j^k^

  a·d=2121=15 |a·d|=|15|=15.



Q 26 :

Let the position vectors of the vertices A, B and C of a tetrahedron ABCD be i^+2j^+k^i^+3j^2k^ and 2i^+j^k^ respectively. The altitude from the vertex D to the opposite face ABC meets the median line segment through A of the triangle ABC at the point E. If the length of AD is 1103 and the volume of the tetrahedron is 80562, then the position vector of E is          [2025]

  • 12(i^+4j^+7k^)

     

  • 16(7i^+12j^+k^)

     

  • 16(12i^+12j^+k^)

     

  • 112(7i^+4j^+3k^)

     

(2)

Coordinates of F are (32,2,32).

Area of ABC =12|AB×AC|

=12|5i^3j^k^|=352 sq. units

Volume of Tetrahedron =13× Base Area×Height

=13×352×DE

  356×DE=80562  DE=232

  In ADE, AE=AD2DE2=1318          [ AD=1103]

  AE=|AE|(i^5k^26)=1318(i^5k^26)=i^5k^6

   Position vector of 'E' =(i5k6)+(i^+2j^+k^)

                                                =16(7i^+12j^+k^).



Q 27 :

Let the point A divide the line segment joining the points P(–1, –1, 2) and Q(5, 5, 10) internally in the ratio r : 1 (r > 0). If O is the origin and (OQ·OA)15|OP×OA|2=10, then the value of r is :          [2025]

  • 7

     

  • 7

     

  • 3

     

  • 14

     

(1)

The point A divides line segment PQ internally in the ratio r : 1

  A(5r1r+1,5r1r+1,10r+2r+1)

Now, OQ·OA=10r+1(15r+1)

and |OP×OA|2=r2(r+1)2(800)

(OQ·OA)|OP×OA|25=10

 10r+1(15r+1)15r2(800)(r+1)2=10

 2r214r=0  r=7, r0 .



Q 28 :

Let a=3i^j^+2k^b=a×(i^2k^) and c=b×k^. Then the projection of c2j^ on a is :          [2025]

  • 27

     

  • 37

     

  • 214

     

  • 14

     

(3)

Given: a=3i^j^+2k^

and b=a×(i^2k^)=|i^j^k^312102|=2i^+8j^+k^

and c=b^×k^=|i^j^k^281001|=8i^2j^

 c2j^=8i^4j^

Now, Projection of c2j^ on a is given by

=(c2j^)·a^=(8i4j)·(3ij+2k)32+12+22

=24+4+014=2814=214.



Q 29 :

Let a=2i^j^+3k^b=3i^5j^+k^ and c be a vector such that a×c=c×b and (a+c)·(b+c)=168. Then the maximum value of |c|2 is :          [2025]

  • 462

     

  • 308

     

  • 77

     

  • 154

     

(2)

We have, a×c=c×b

 a×c=b×c  (a+b)×c=0

 c=λ(a+b)=λ(5i^6j^+4k^)

Also, (a+c)·(b+c)=168

 a·b+c·b+a·c+c·c=168

 14+c·(a+b)+|c|2=168

 14+λ·77+λ2·77=168

 77λ2+77λ154=0

 λ2+λ2=0  λ=2,1

Maximum value of |c|2 occurs when λ=2

|c|2=77λ2=77×4=308.



Q 30 :

Let a^ be a unit vector perpendicular to the vectors b=i^2j^+3k^ and c=2i^+3j^k^, and makes an angle of cos1(13) with the vector i^+j^+k^. If a^ makes an angle of π3 with the vector i^+αj^+k^, then the value of α is :          [2025]

  • 3

     

  • 6

     

  • 6

     

  • 3

     

(3)

Let m=i^+j^+k^

Since, b×c=|i^j^k^123231|=7i^+7j^+7k^=7(i^j^k^)

  a^ parallel to b^×c^

  a^=i^j^k^3 or i^+j^+k^3

Now, cos θ=a^·m|m|=11133=13          { cos1(13)=θ}

or cos θ=1+1+133=13 (rejected)

Hence, a^=i^j^k^3

Now, cos(π3)=a^·(i^+αj^+k^)1+α2+1  12=1α13α2+2

 3α2+2=2α  α=3(α2+2)2, i.e., α<0

 3α2+6=4α2  α=6.