Thermometry and Calorimetry | JEE Main previous year questions with Solutions

Q 1 :
On Celsius scale the temperature of body increases by 40°C. The increase in temperature on Fahrenheit scale is [2024]

68° F
70° F
72° F
75° F

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(3)

$\frac{C - 0}{100} = \frac{F - 32}{180}$

$C = \frac{5}{9} (F - 32) \Rightarrow ∆ C = \frac{5}{9} ∆ F$

$40 = \frac{5}{9} ∆ F \Rightarrow ∆ F = 72^{o} F$

$∴$ $40^{o}$ change on Celsius scale will corresponds to $72^{o}$ change on Fahrenheit scale.

Q 2 :
A block of ice at −10°C is slowly heated and converted to steam at 100°C. Which of the following curves represent the phenomenon qualitatively? [2024]

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(4)

$- 10 ° C ice \to_{change}^{Temp .} 0 ° C ice \to_{change}^{Temp .} 0 ° C$

$water \to_{change}^{Temp .} 100 ° C water \overset{Phase change}{\to} 100 ° C steam$

In this process, there are two phase changes and two temperature changes.

Q 3 :
An amount of ice of mass $10^{- 3}$ kg and temperature –10°C is transformed to vapour of temperature 110°C by applying heat. The total amount of work required for this conversion is, (Take, specific heat of ice = $2100 J {kg}^{- 1} K^{- 1}$ , specific heat of water = $4180 J {kg}^{- 1} K^{- 1}$ , specific heat of steam = $1920 J {kg}^{- 1} K^{- 1}$ , Latent heat of ice = $3.35 \times 10^{5} J {kg}^{- 1}$ and Latent heat of steam = $2.25 \times 10^{6} J {kg}^{- 1}$ ) [2025]

3022 J
3043 J
3003 J
3024 J

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(2)

First, Ice at –10°C $\overset{△ Q_{1}}{\to}$ Ice at 0°C $\overset{△ Q_{2}}{\to}$ Water at 0°C. Then, Water at 0°C $\overset{△ Q_{3}}{\to}$ Water at 100°C $\overset{△ Q_{4}}{\to}$ Vapour at 100°C $\overset{△ Q_{5}}{\to}$ Vapour at 110°C

$△ Q_{1} = m \times S_{I} \times △ T = 10^{- 3} \times 2100 \times 10 = 21 J$

$△ Q_{2} = m \times L_{f} = 10^{- 3} \times 3.35 \times 10^{5} = 335 J$

$△ Q_{3} = m \times S_{w} \times △ T = 10^{- 3} \times 4180 \times 100 = 418 J$

$△ Q_{4} = m \times L_{v} = 10^{- 3} \times 2.25 \times 10^{6} = 2250 J$

$△ Q_{5} = m \times S_{v} \times △ T = 10^{- 3} \times 1920 \times 10 = 19.2 J$

$△ Q_{net} = 3043.2 J$

Q 4 :
A gun fires a lead bullet of temperature 300 K into a wooden block. The bullet having melting temperature of 600 K penetrates into the block and melts down. If the total heat required for the process is 625 J, then the mass of the bullet is ______ grams.

(Latent heat of fusion of lead $= 25 \times 10^{4} J {Kg}^{- 1}$ and specific heat capacity of lead $= 125 J {Kg}^{- 1} K^{- 1}$ ) [2025]

20
15
10
5

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(3)

$Q = m s △ T + m L$

$625 = m \times 125 \times 300 + m \times 2.5 \times 10^{4}$

$625 = m {3.75 + 2.5} \times 10^{4}$

$\Rightarrow m = \frac{625}{625} \times 10^{- 4} kg = 10 g$

Q 5 :
Which of the following figure represents the relation between Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures? [2025]

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(2)

$\frac{C}{5} = \frac{F - 32}{9} \Rightarrow C = \frac{5 F}{9} - \frac{160}{9}$

Clearly slope is +ve and intercept is –ve

Q 6 :
Water falls from a height of 200 m into a pool. Calculate the rise in temperature of the water assuming no heat dissipation from the water in the pool. (Take, g = 10 $m / s^{2}$ specific heat of water = 4200 J/(kg K)) [2025]

0.23 K
0.36 K
0.14 K
0.48 K

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(4)

$m g h = m s △ T$

$\Rightarrow △ T = \frac{g h}{s} = \frac{10 \times 200}{4200} = 0.48 K$

Topic Question Set

Q 1 :
On Celsius scale the temperature of body increases by 40°C. The increase in temperature on Fahrenheit scale is [2024]

Q 2 :
A block of ice at −10°C is slowly heated and converted to steam at 100°C. Which of the following curves represent the phenomenon qualitatively? [2024]

Q 5 :
Which of the following figure represents the relation between Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures? [2025]

Q 6 :
Water falls from a height of 200 m into a pool. Calculate the rise in temperature of the water assuming no heat dissipation from the water in the pool. (Take, g = 10 $m / s^{2}$ specific heat of water = 4200 J/(kg K)) [2025]

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Topic Question Set

Q 1 : On Celsius scale the temperature of body increases by 40°C. The increase in temperature on Fahrenheit scale is [2024]

Q 2 : A block of ice at −10°C is slowly heated and converted to steam at 100°C. Which of the following curves represent the phenomenon qualitatively? [2024]

Q 5 : Which of the following figure represents the relation between Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures? [2025]

Q 6 : Water falls from a height of 200 m into a pool. Calculate the rise in temperature of the water assuming no heat dissipation from the water in the pool. (Take, g = 10 m/s2 specific heat of water = 4200 J/(kg K)) [2025]

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Q 1 :
On Celsius scale the temperature of body increases by 40°C. The increase in temperature on Fahrenheit scale is [2024]

Q 2 :
A block of ice at −10°C is slowly heated and converted to steam at 100°C. Which of the following curves represent the phenomenon qualitatively? [2024]

Q 5 :
Which of the following figure represents the relation between Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures? [2025]

Q 6 :
Water falls from a height of 200 m into a pool. Calculate the rise in temperature of the water assuming no heat dissipation from the water in the pool. (Take, g = 10 $m / s^{2}$ specific heat of water = 4200 J/(kg K)) [2025]