Which of the following are autoimmune disorders? [2024]
A. Myasthenia gravis
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
C. Gout
D. Muscular dystrophy
E. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A, B & D only
A, B & E only
B, C & E only
C, D & E only
(2)
Autoimmune disorder occurs when due to genetic or other reasons, the body attacks self-cells. Myasthenia gravis, Rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are autoimmune disorders whereas muscular dystrophy is the progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle due to genetic disorder and gout is the inflammation of joints due to accumulation of uric acid crystals.
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as reason (R). [2022]
Assertion (A): Osteoporosis is characterised by decreased bone mass and increased chances of fractures.
Reason (R): Common cause of osteoporosis is increased levels of estrogen.
In the light of the above statements, choose the appropriate answer from the options given below:
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(2)
Osteoporosis is a disease characterised by low bone mass and loss of bone tissue that may lead to weak and fragile bones. Decreased levels of estrogen is a common cause for osteoporosis.
Which of the following is a correct match for disease and its symptoms? [2022]
Arthritis – Inflammed joints
Tetany – High level causing rapid spasms
Myasthenia gravis – Genetic disorder resulting in weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscle
Muscular dystrophy – An autoimmune disorder causing progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle
(1)
Arthritis is inflammation of joints. Tetany is a muscular disorder that causes rapid spasms in muscles, which occur due to less calcium in body fluid. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue, weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscle. Muscular dystrophy is the progressive degeneration of skeletal muscle mostly due to genetic disorder.
Chronic autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue, weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscle is called as [2021]
gout
arthritis
muscular dystrophy
myasthenia gravis
(4)
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue, weakening and paralysis of skeletal muscle.
Which of the following muscular disorders is inherited? [2019]
Botulism
Tetany
Muscular dystrophy
Myasthenia gravis
(3)
Muscular dystrophy is a group of muscle diseases, marked by weakness and wasting of skeletal muscles, in which there is a recognizable pattern of inheritance. In this disorder, the mutated gene on middle of the short arm of X-chromosome is unable to produce a protein dystrophin in skeletal muscles. It is common in males, female heterozygous carriers are normal.
Osteoporosis, an age-related disease of skeletal system, may occur due to [2016]
immune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction leading to fatigue
high concentration of and
decreased level of estrogen
accumulation of uric acid leading to inflammation of joints
(3)
Osteoporosis is reduction in bone mineral density, resulting in bones that are brittle and liable to fracture. Infection, injury and synovitis can cause localised osteoporosis of adjacent bone. Generalised osteoporosis is common in the elderly and in women after menopause. After menopause the estrogen level in blood plasma are much reduced. Estrogen helps to regulate bone cells called osteoclasts which are responsible for building new bone. When estrogen level drop fewer osteoclasts are produced resulting in osteoporosis.
