Q 1 :

The sum of all the solutions of the equation (8)2x-16·(8)x+48=0 is :              [2024]

  • 1+log8(8)

     

  • log8(6)

     

  • 1+log8(6)

     

  • log8(4)

     

(3)

    We have, 82x-16·8x+48=0

    Let 8x=t

   ⇒t2-16t+48=0⇒t2-12t-4t+48=0

   ⇒(t-12)(t-4)=0⇒t=4 or t=12

   ⇒8x=4 or 8x=12

   ⇒x=log84 or x=log812

    Sum of solutions =log84+log812=log848=log8(6·8)

   =log88+log86=1+log86

 



Q 2 :

Let α,β be the roots of the equation x2+22x-1=0. The quadratic equation, whose roots are α4+β4 and 110(α6+β6), is:         [2024]

  • x2-195x+9466=0

     

  • x2-180x+9506=0

     

  • x2-195x+9506=0

     

  • x2-190x+9466=0

     

(3)

   We have, x2+22x-1=0

   ∴    α+β=-22 and αβ=-1

   Now, α2+β2=(α+β)2-2αβ=(-22)2-2(-1)

   =8+2=10

   Also, α4+β4=(α2+β2)2-2(αβ)2=(10)2-2(1)

   =100-2=98

   and α6+β6=(α2+β2)3-3α2β2(α2+β2)=(10)3-3(1)(10)

   =1000-30=970

   So, 110(α6+β6)=97

   Hence, equation whose roots are α4+β4 and 110(α6+β6) is x2-(98+97)x+98×97=0 i.e.,x2-195x+9506=0 

 



Q 3 :

Let α,β:α>β, be the roots of the equation x2-2x-3=0. Let Pn=αn-βn, n∈N. Then (113-102)P10+(112+10)P11-11P12 is equal to    [2024]

  • 112P9  

     

  • 102P9  

     

  • 103P9  

     

  • 113P9

     

(3)

We have, x2-2x-3=0 has two roots α and β

So for Sn=αn≠βn, by Newton's theorem, we have Sn+2-2Sn+1-3Sn=0

⇒(αn+2-βn+2)-2(αn+1-βn+1)-3(αn-βn)=0

⇒Pn+2-2Pn+1-3Pn=0  [∵Pn=αn-βn]

For n=9, we have

P12-2P11-3P10=0                  ...(i)

⇒P12=2P11+3P10

For n=9, we have

P11-2P10-3P9=0

⇒P11=2P10+3P9

So, (113-102)P10+(112+10)P11-11P12

=(113-102)P10+(112+10)(2P10+3P9)-11(2P11+3P10)

=113P10-102P10+22P10+102P10-113P10+116P9+103P9-112(2P10+3P9)

=22P10+116P9+103P9-22P10-116P9=103P9



Q 4 :

Let α,β are the roots of the equation, x2-x-1=0 and Sn=2023αn+2024βn, then :                [2024]

  •  2S12=S11+S10  

     

  •  2S11=S12+S10  

     

  •  S11=S10+S12  

     

  •  S12=S11+S10

     

(4)

Given, α and β are the roots of x2-x-1=0

⇒α2-α-1=0 and β2-β-1=0

⇒α2=1+α and β2=1+β                                     (i)

Now, S10=2023α10+2024β10  [∵Sn=2023αn+2024βn]

S11=2023α11+2024β11

⇒S10+S11=2023α10(1+α)+2024β10(1+β)

         =2023α10·α2+2024β10·β2  [From (i)]

         =2023α12+2024β12=S12

∴S12=S10+S11

 



Q 5 :

Let x1,x2,x3,x4 be the solutions of the equation 4x4+8x3-17x2-12x+9=0 and (4+x12)(4+x22)(4+x32)(4+x42)=12516m. Then the value of m is _______ .           [2024]



(221)

We have, x1,x2,x3 and x4 are solution of 4x4+8x3-17x2-12x+9=0

⇒4x4+8x3-17x2-12x+9

       =4(x-x1)(x-x2)(x-x3)(x-x4)          ...(i)

Let us substitute x=2i in (i)

∴64-64i+68-24i+9

      =4(2i-x1)(2i-x2)(2i-x3)(2i-x4)

⇒4(2i-x1)(2i-x2)(2i-x3)(2i-x4)=141-88i       ...(ii)

Substitute x=-2i in (i), we get

4(2i+x1)(2i+x2)(2i+x3)(2i+x4)=141+88i            ...(iii)

Multiplying (ii) and (iii), we get

(4+x12)(4+x22)(4+x32)(4+x42)=(141)2+88216

⇒125m16=2762516⇒m=221



Q 6 :

If α satisfies the equation x2+x+1=0 and (1+α)7=A+Bα+Cα2,  A,B,C≥0, then 5(3A-2B-C) is equal to _______ .           [2024]



(5)

As α satisfies x2+x+1=0⇒α=ω or ω2

Now, (1+α)7=(1+ω)7=A+Bω+Cω2

⇒-ω2=A+Bω+Cω2  [∵1+ω+ω2=0 and ω3=1]

⇒A+Bω+(C+1)ω2=0

As ω=-12+32i & ω2=-12-32i

⇒A+B(-12+32i)+(C+1)(-12-32i)=0

⇒A-B2-C+12=0  and  32B-32(C+1)=0

⇒2A-B-C-1=0  and  B-C=1

On solving, we get A = B and B - C = 1

∴   5(3A-2B-C)=5(3B-2B-C)=5(B-C)=5×1=5



Q 7 :

Let α,β be the roots of the equation x2-x+2=0 with Im(α)>Im(β). Then α6+α4+β4-5α2 is equal to ____ .     [2024]



(13)

We have, x2-x+2=0

As α,β are the roots of equation so, it satisfy the equation.

α2-α+2=0⇒α2=α-2

⇒α4=(α-2)2                           [Squaring both sides]

⇒α4=4+α2-4α=4+α-2-4α=2-3α

and α6=α2·α4=(α-2)(2-3α)=2α-3α2-4+6α

             =8α-4-3(α-2)=8α-4-3α+6=5α+2

Similarly, β4=2-3β

Now, α6+α4+β4-5α2

           =5α+2+2-3α+2-3β-5(α-2)

            =16-3(α+β)=16-3(1)=13



Q 8 :

Let α,β be the roots of the equation x2-6x+3=0 such that Im(α)>Im(β). Let a,b be integers not divisible by 3 and n be a natural number such that α99β+α98=3n(a+ib), i=-1. Then n+a+b is equal to ______ .           [2024]



(49)

Roots of the equation x2-6x+3=0 are

x=6±6-122⇒x=6±6i2

∵     Im(α)>Im(β)

∴   α=6+6i2,  β=6-6i2

⇒α2=2·6·6·i4,  β2=-2·6·6i4

α2=3i,  β2=-3i⇒αβ=i

Now, α99β+α98=3n(a+ib)

⇒α98(αβ+1)=3n(a+ib)⇒(3i)49(i+1)=3n(a+ib)

⇒349·i(i+1)=3n(a+ib)⇒349·(-1+i)=3n(a+ib)

⇒n=49, a=-1, b=1   ∴     n+a+b=49



Q 9 :

Let a,b,c be the lengths of three sides of a triangle satisfying the condition (a2+b2)x2-2b(a+c)x+(b2+c2)=0. If the set of all possible values of x is the interval, (α,β) then 12(α2+β2) is equal to _____ .           [2024]



(36)

We have, (a2+b2)x2-2b(a+c)x+(b2+c2)=0

⇒a2x2+b2x2-2abx-2bcx+b2+c2=0

⇒a2x2-2abx+b2+b2x2-2bcx+c2=0

⇒(ax-b)2+(bx-c)2=0

⇒ax-b=0, bx-c=0

⇒ax=b, bx=c⇒ax2=bx, bx2=cx

Since, a+b>c, b+c>a and c+a>b

a+ax>bx, ax+bx>a and bx+a>ax

⇒a+ax>ax2, ax+ax2>a and ax2+a>ax

⇒x2-x-1<0, x2+x-1>0 and x2-x+1>0

⇒1-52<x<1+52⇒x<-1-52 or x>-1+52

⇒5-12<x<5+12⇒α=5-12, β=5+12

∴        12(α2+β2)=36



Q 10 :

The number of real solutions of the equation x(x2+3|x|+5|x-1|+6|x-2|)=0 is ______________.              [2024]



(1)

We have, equation x(x2+3|x|+5|x-1|+6|x-2|)=0

⇒x=0 is one solution.



Q 11 :

Consider the equation x2+4x–n=0, where n ∈ [20, 100] is a natural number. Then the number of all distinct values of n, for which the given equation has integral roots, is equal to          [2025]

  • 5

     

  • 7

     

  • 6

     

  • 8

     

(3)

we have, x2+4x–n=0

⇒ x2+4x+4=n+4

⇒ (x+2)2=n+4

⇒ x=–2±n+4

But 20≤n≤100

⇒ 24≤n+4≤104 ⇒ 24≤n+4≤104

⇒ n+4∈{5,6,7,8,9,10}.

∴   6 integral values of 'n' are possible.



Q 12 :

The product of all solutions of the equation e5(logex)2+3=x8, x>0, is:          [2025]

  • e2

     

  • e

     

  • e8/5

     

  • e6/5

     

(3)

We have, e5(logex)2+3=x8, x>0

Taking log on both sides, we get

5(ln x)2+3=8lnx ⇒ 5(ln x)2+3–8lnx=0

Put ln x = t

⇒ 5t2–8t+3=0 ⇒ t1+t2=85

∴  ln x1+ln x2=8/5 ⇒ ln(x1x2)=8/5 ⇒ x1x2=e8/5.



Q 13 :

The product of all the rational roots of the equation (x2–9x+11)2–(x–4)(x–5)=3, is equal to          [2025]

  • 28

     

  • 21

     

  • 7

     

  • 14

     

(4)

We have, (x2–9x+11)2–(x–4)(x–5)=3

⇒ (x2–9x+11)2–(x–9x+20)=3

Let x2–9x=t, then

(t+11)2–(t+20)=3

⇒ t2+121+22t–t–20–3=0

⇒ t2+21t+98=0 ⇒ (t+14)(t+7)=0

⇒ t=–7, –14

⇒ x2–9x+7=0 and x2–9x+14=0

⇒ x=9±532 and x=9±52

⇒ Product of all rational roots = (9+52)(9–52)=7×2=14.



Q 14 :

The number of real solution(s) of the equation x2+3x+2=min{|x–3|,|x+2|} is :          [2025]

  • 2

     

  • 3

     

  • 1

     

  • 0

     

(1)

In(–∞,12), |x+2| is minimum and in (12,∞), |x–3| is minimum.

From the graph, only two solutions.



Q 15 :

The sum, of the squares of all the roots of the equation x2+|2x–3|–4=0, is          [2025]

  • 6(2–2)

     

  • 3(3–2)

     

  • 6(3–2)

     

  • 3(2–2)

     

(1)

Given, x2+|2x–3|–4=0

Case I: x2+(2x–3)–4=0 when x≥32

⇒ x2+2x–7=0 ⇒ x=22–1          [∵  x≥32]

Case II : x2–(2x–3)–4=0, x<32

⇒ x2–2x–1=0

⇒ x=2±222=1±2 ⇒ x=1–2          [∵  x<32]

∴   Required sum = (22–1)2+(1–2)2

                              =12–62=6(2–2).



Q 16 :

If α+iβ and γ+iδ are the roots of x2–(3–2i)x–(2i–2)=0, i=–1, then αγ+βδ is equal to :          [2025]

  • –6

     

  • 6

     

  • –2

     

  • 2

     

(4)

We have, x2–(3–2i)x–(2i–2)=0

x=(3–2i)±(3–2i)2+4(1)(2i–2)2

   =(3–2i)±9–4–12i+8i–82=(3–2i)±–3–4i2

   =(3–2i)±(1)2+(2i)2–2(1)(2i)2

  =(3–2i)±(1–2i)22=(3–2i)±(1–2i)2

∴  x=3–2i+1–2i2 or 3–2i–1+2i2

∴  x=2–2i or 1+0i

So, αγ+βδ=2(1)+(–2)(0)=2.

 



Q 17 :

The number of solutions of the equation (9x–9x+2)(2x–7x+3)=0 is :          [2025]

  • 1

     

  • 3

     

  • 4

     

  • 2

     

(3)

We have, (9x–9x+2)(2x–7x+3)=0          ... (i)

Put 1x=y in (i), we get

(9y2–9y+2)(2y2–7y+3)=0

⇒ (3y–2)(3y–1)(2y–1)(y–3)=0

⇒ y=23,13,12,3 ⇒ x=94,9,4,19

∴   Number of solutions = 4.



Q 18 :

If the set of all a∈R, for which the equation 2x2+(a–5)x+15=3a has no real root, is the interval (α,β), and X={x∈Z : α<x<β}, then ∑x∈Xx2 is equal to :          [2025]

  • 2129

     

  • 2119

     

  • 2109

     

  • 2139

     

(4)

Since, the given equation has no real root

∴  b2–4ac<0 ⇒ (a–5)2–4(2)(15–3a)<0

⇒ (a–5)2–8(15–3a)<0

⇒ a2–10a+25–120+24a<0

⇒ a2–14a–95<0 ⇒ a∈(–5,19)

∴  ∑x∈Xx2=(12+22+32+42)+02+(12+22+...+18)2

                       =4(5)(9)6+18(19)(37)6=128346=2139.



Q 19 :

Let α, β be the roots of the equation x2–ax–b=0 with Im(α)<Im(β). Let Pn=αn–βn. If P3=–57i, P4=–37i, P5=117i and P6=457i, then |α4+β4| is equal to __________.          [2025]



(31)

We have, α+β=a and αβ=–b

∵  P6=aP5+bP4

⇒ 457i=a×117i+b(–37)i

⇒ 45=11a–3b          ... (i)

and P5=aP4+bP3

⇒ 117i=a(–37i)+b(–57i)

⇒ 11=–3a–5b          ... (ii)

On solving equations (i) and (ii), we get a = 3, b = –4

∴  |α4+β4|=(α4–β4)2+4α4β4

=–63+4.44=–63+1024=961=31.



Q 20 :

Let α,β,γ be the three roots of the equation x3+bx+c=0. If βγ=1=-α, then the value of b3+2c3-3α3-6β3-8γ3 is equal to         [2023]

  • 21 

     

  • 1698

     

  • 1558

     

  • 19

     

(4)

 



Q 21 :

Let α,β be the roots of the quadratic equation x2+6x+3=0. Then α23+β23+α14+β14α15+β15+α10+β10 is equal to         [2023]

  • 729

     

  • 9

     

  • 81

     

  • 72

     

(3)

Given, x2+6x+3=0  ...(i) 

On solving eqn. (i), we get its roots

α,β=-6±6-122=-6±6i2   

α,β=3e±3πi/4

So, required expression becomes:

=(3)23(2cos69π4)+(3)14(2cos42π4)(3)15(2cos45π4)+(3)10(2cos30π4) 

=(3)23×2(-1)+0(3)15×2(-1)+0
 
=(3)8=81



Q 22 :

Let α,β be the roots of the equation x2-2x+2=0. Then α14+β14 is equal to        [2023]

  • -642

     

  • -128

     

  • -1282

     

  • -64

     

(2)

Given, x2-2x+2=0 

x=2±(-2)2-4·1·22·1 

x=2±-62; x=1±3i2⇒α=-2ω,  β=-2ω2 

⇒α14+β14=(-2ω)14+(-2ω2)14 
 
=27·ω14+27ω28=27(ω+ω2)  

=-27             (∵ω2+ω+1=0) 

=-128



Q 23 :

Let S={x:x∈R, (3+2)x2-4+(3-2)x2-4=10}. Then n(S) is equal to          [2023]

  • 2

     

  • 4

     

  • 0

     

  • 6

     

(2)

S={x:x∈R and (3+2)x2-4+(3-2)x2-4=10} 

Let (3+2)x2-4=t  and  (3-2)x2-4=1t

∴ t+1t=10⇒t2-10t+1=0⇒t=10±962

⇒t=5±26=(3±2)2
 
⇒ (3+2)x2-4=(3+2)2

 and  (3+2)x2-4=(3-2)2=(3+2)-2

⇒ x2-4=2  and  x2-4=-2⇒ x2=6  and  x2=2 

⇒ x=±6 and x=±2⇒ n(S)=4



Q 24 :

The number of real solutions of the equation 3(x2+1x2)-2(x+1x)+5=0, is            [2023]

  • 4

     

  • 3

     

  • 2

     

  • 0

     

(4)

Given,   3(x2+1x2)-2(x+1x)+5=0 

⇒  3[(x+1x)2-2]-2(x+1x)+5=0
 
⇒  3[y2-2]-2y+5=0              (Let   y=x+1x) 

⇒  3y2-6-2y+5=0⇒3y2-2y-1=0

⇒  y=1, -13 But   y∈(-∞,-2]∪[2,∞)

Hence,  no real solution.



Q 25 :

The number of real roots of the equation  x2-4x+3+x2-9=4x2-14x+6, is        [2023]

  • 2

     

  • 3

     

  • 1

     

  • 0

     

(3)

x2-4x+3+x2-9=4x2-14x+6 

⇒ (x-3)(x-1)+(x-3)(x+3)=2(x-3)(2x-1)

⇒ (x-3)[x-1+x+3-22x-1]=0
 
 ⇒ x-3=0⇒x=3 

and  x-1+x+3=22x-1

⇒ (x-1)+(x+3)+2(x-1)(x+3)=2(2x-1) 

⇒ 2x+2+2(x-1)(x+3)=4x-2

⇒ x+1+(x-1)(x+3)=2x-1 

⇒ (x-1)(x+3)=x-2⇒(x-1)(x+3)=x2-4x+4

⇒x2+2x-3=x2-4x+4⇒6x=7⇒x=76 

Since,  x2-4x+3≥0⇒(x-3)(x-1)≥0 

⇒ x∈(-∞,1]∪[3,∞)                   ...(i)

and  x2-9≥0⇒(x-3)(x+3)≥0

⇒ x∈(-∞,-3]∪[3,∞)           ...(ii)

and  4x2-14x+6≥0⇒(x-3)(2x-1)≥0

⇒ x∈(-∞,12]∪[3,∞)              ...(iii)

From (i), (ii), and (iii), x∈(-∞,-3]∪[3,∞) 

Since  x=76 does not belong to x∈(-∞,-3]∪[3,∞).

Therefore,  x=3 is the only solution.



Q 26 :

The equation e4x+8e3x+13e2x-8ex+1=0,  x∈R has             [2023]

  • four solutions two of which are negative

     

  • two solutions and both are negative

     

  • no solution

     

  • two solutions and only one of them is negative

     

(2)

Given,  e4x+8e3x+13e2x-8ex+1=0 

Let  ex=t 

Now,  t4+8t3+13t2-8t+1=0  ...(i) 

Dividing equation (i) by t2, we get

⇒ t2+8t+13-8t+1t2=0⇒t2+1t2+8(t-1t)+13=0

⇒ (t-1t)2+2+8(t-1t)+13=0

Let  t-1t=z

⇒ z2+8z+15=0⇒(z+3)(z+5)=0

⇒ z=-3 or z=-5 So,  t-1t=-3 or t-1t=-5

⇒ t2+3t-1=0  or  t2+5t-1=0; ⇒ t=-3±132  or  t=-5±292

As  t=ex, it must be positive. ⇒ t=13-32  or  t=29-52

⇒ x=ln(13-32)  or  x=ln(29-52)

Hence,  two solutions are possible and both are negative.



Q 27 :

If a and b are the roots of the equation x2-7x-1=0, then the value of a21+b21+a17+b17a19+b19 is equal to ____ .       [2023]



(51)

Given: a and b are the roots of x2-7x-1=0

By Newton's theorem,

Sn+2-7Sn+1-Sn=0

S21-7S20-S19=0  ...(i)

S20-7S19-S18=0  ...(ii)

S19-7S18-S17=0  ...(iii)

S21+S17S19=S21+(S19-7S18)S19  [From (iii)]

=S21+S19-7(S20-7S19)S19  [From (ii)]

=50S19+(S21-7S20)S19=50S19+S19S19  [From (i)]

=51·S19S19=51

∴  a21+b21+a17+b17a19+b19=51



Q 28 :

The number of points, where the curve f(x)=e8x-e6x-3e4x-e2x+1, x∈ℝ cuts the x-axis, is equal to ______ .          [2023]



(2)

Given: f(x)=e8x-e6x-3e4x-e2x+1

=(e4x+1e4x)-(e2x+1e2x)=3

=(e2x+1e2x)2-(e2x+1e2x)=5

Let e2x+1e2x=t

⇒t2-t-5=0⇒t=1±1+202=1±212

⇒t=1+212  and  t=1-212 (rejected)

⇒e2x+1e2x=1+212

Let e2x=t, then t+1t=1+212

⇒t2+1=(1+212)t

It is a quadratic equation.

∴  2 values of e2x are possible.

Hence, 2 real solutions exist.



Q 29 :

If α and β(α<β) are the roots of the equation (-2+3)(|x-3|)+(x-6x)+(9-23)=0,  x≥0, then βα+αβ is equal to:           [2026]

  • 8

     

  • 10

     

  • 9

     

  • 11

     

(2)

(x-6x+9)-(2-3)|x-3|-23=0

⇒|x-3|2-(2-3)|x-3|-23=0

⇒|x-3|=2   or   |x-3|=-3 (not possible)

⇒x=1 or 5

⇒x=1 or 25

⇒α=1 and β=25

Aliter:

Let x≥9, let x=t⇒t≥3

(3-2)(t-3)+(t-3)2-23=0

Let t-3=u

u2+(3-2)u-23=0

⇒u=2  or  u=-3

⇒t-3=2  or  t-3=-3

⇒t=5  or  t=3-3 (rejected)

⇒x=25

Now let 0<x<9

-(3-2)(t-3)+(t-3)2-23=0

Let t-3=u

u2-(3-2)u-23=0

⇒u=3  or  u=-2

⇒t=3+3 (rejected)   or  t-3=-2

⇒t=1⇒x=1

α=1,  β=25

Now βα+αβ=25+25=10



Q 30 :

The sum of all the roots of the equation (x-1)2-5|x-1|+6=0 is          [2026]

  • 1

     

  • 3

     

  • 5

     

  • 4

     

(4)

Let |x-1|=t

t2-5t+6=0

t=2 and t=3

|x-1|=2  and  |x-1|=3

x-1±2  and  x-1=±3

x=1±2  and  x=1±3

∴Roots are 3,-1,4,-2

∴Sum of roots=3+(-1)+4+(-2)=4