(2)

Binding of oxygen with haemoglobin is related to partial pressure of ${\mathrm{O}}_2$, partial pressure of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$, hydrogen ion concentration and temperature. In the alveoli, high ${\mathrm{pO}}_2$, low ${\mathrm{pCO}}_2$, lesser ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ concentration and lower temperature are favourable factors for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin.

(2)

(2)

In the alveoli, high ${\mathrm{pO}}_2$, low ${\mathrm{pCO}}_2$, less ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ concentration and low temperature are the favourable conditions required for formation of oxyhaemoglobin. This means oxygen gets bound to haemoglobin in the lung surface.

(3)

Binding of oxygen with haemoglobin is related to partial pressure of ${\mathrm{O}}_2$, partial pressure of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$, hydrogen ion concentration and temperature. In the alveoli, high ${\mathrm{pO}}_2$, low ${\mathrm{pCO}}_2$, lesser ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ concentration and lower temperature are factors favourable for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin, whereas in the tissues, low ${\mathrm{pO}}_2$, high ${\mathrm{pCO}}_2$, high ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ concentration and high temperature are favourable for dissociation of oxygen from the oxyhaemoglobin.

(1)

Reduction in pH of blood causes oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve to shift to right which indicates dissociation of oxygen from haemoglobin. This decreases affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen.

(1)

About 70% of ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ (about 2.5 mL per 100 mL of blood), received by blood from the tissues, enters the RBCs where it reacts with water to form carbonic acid (${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3$). Carbonic anhydrase, exclusively found in RBCs, speeds up the formation of ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{CO}}_3$ and rapidly converts it back to carbon dioxide and water when blood reaches the lungs. Almost as rapidly as formed, all carbonic acid of RBCs dissociates into hydrogen (${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$) and bicarbonate ions (${\mathrm{HCO}}_3^{-}$).