Match List I with List II. [2023]
| List I | List II |
| (A) Gene therapy | (I) Separation of DNA fragments |
| (B) RNA interference | (II) Diagnostic test for AIDS |
| (C) ELISA | (III) Cellular defence |
| (D) Gel Electrophoresis | (IV) Allows correction of a gene defect |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A–(IV), B–(I), C–(II), D–(III)
A–(IV), B–(II), C–(III), D–(I)
A–(IV), B–(III), C–(II), D–(I)
A–(IV), B–(III), C–(I), D–(II)
Select incorrect statement regarding chemical structure of insulin. [2023]
Mature insulin molecule consists of three polypeptide chains - A, B and C.
Insulin is synthesised as prohormone which contains extra stretch of C-peptide.
C-peptide is not present in mature insulin molecule.
Polypeptide chains A and B are linked by disulphide bridges.
(1)
Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains—chain A and chain B—which are linked together by disulphide bonds. Insulin, in mammals, is synthesised as a prohormone which contains an extra stretch called the C-peptide. During maturation into insulin, this C-peptide is removed.
Which one of the following techniques does not serve the purpose of early diagnosis of a disease for its early treatment? [2023]
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique
Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) technique
Recombinant DNA Technology
Serum and Urine analysis
(4)
Serum and urine analysis are conventional methods of diagnosis, through which early detection is not possible.
In gene therapy of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency, the patient requires periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes because [2022]
retroviral vector is introduced into these lymphocytes.
gene isolated from marrow cells producing ADA is introduced into cells at embryonic stages.
lymphocytes from patient’s blood are grown in culture, outside the body.
genetically engineered lymphocytes are not immortal cells.
(4)
In gene therapy for ADA deficiency, lymphocytes from patient’s blood are grown in culture outside the body. A functional ADA cDNA is then introduced into these lymphocytes, which are subsequently returned to patient. As these cells are not immortal, thus patient requires periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes.
Statements related to human insulin are given below. Which statement(s) is/are correct about genetically engineered insulin?
(A) Pro-hormone insulin contain extra stretch of C-peptide
(B) A-peptide and B-peptide chains of insulin were produced separately in E. coli, extracted and combined by creating disulphide bond between them.
(C) Insulin used for treating diabetes was extracted from cattle and pigs.
(D) Pro-hormone insulin needs to be processed for converting into a mature and functional hormone.
(E) Some patients develop allergic reactions to the foreign insulin.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: [2022]
(A), (B) and (D) only
(B) only
(C) and (D) only
(C), (D) and (E) only
When gene targeting involving gene amplification is attempted in an individual’s tissue to treat disease, it is known as [2021]
safety testing
biopiracy
gene therapy
molecular diagnosis
(3)
Gene therapy is a collection of methods which allows genes to be inserted into a person’s cells and tissues to treat a disease.
Nowadays it is possible to detect the mutated gene causing cancer by allowing radioactive probe to hybridise its complementary DNA in a clone of cells, followed by its detection using autoradiography because [2021]
mutated gene does not appear on photographic film as the probe has complementarity with it
mutated gene partially appears on a photographic film
mutated gene completely and clearly appears on a photographic film
mutated gene does not appear on a photographic film as the probe has no complementarity with it
(4)
PCR is used to detect mutations in gene in suspected cancer patients. A single stranded DNA or RNA tagged with a radioactive molecule (probe) is allowed to hybridise to its complementary DNA in a clone of cells followed by detection using autoradiography. The clone having the mutated gene will hence not appear on the photographic film, because the probe will not have complementarity with the mutated gene.
For effective treatment of the disease, early diagnosis and understanding its pathophysiology is very important. Which of the following molecular diagnostic techniques is very useful for early detection? [2021]
Hybridization Technique
Western Blotting Technique
Southern Blotting Technique
ELISA Technique
(4)
Enzyme Linked Immuno–Sorbent Assay (ELISA) is one of the techniques that serve the purpose of early diagnosis of disease.
With regard to insulin choose correct options. [2021]
(A) C-peptide is not present in mature insulin.
(B) The insulin produced by rDNA technology has C-peptide.
(C) The pro-insulin has C-peptide.
(D) A-peptide and B-peptide of insulin are interconnected by disulphide bridges.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) and (D) only
(B) and (D) only
(B) and (C) only
(A), (C) and (D) only
(4)
The insulin produced by rDNA technology does not contain C peptide.
The Adenosine deaminase deficiency results into: [2021]
Addison’s disease
Dysfunction of immune system
Parkinson’s disease
Digestive disorder
(2)
Adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA) caused due to deletion of the gene for enzyme adenosine deaminase causes SCID which results in dysfunctioning of immune system.
