Which of the following secretes the hormone, relaxin, during the later phase of pregnancy? [2021]
Uterus
Graafian follicle
Corpus luteum
Fetus
(3)
Relaxin is secreted by corpus luteum during the later phase of pregnancy.
Match the following columns and select the correct option. [2020]
| Column - I | Column - II | ||
| (A) | Placenta | (i) | Androgens |
| (B) | Zona pellucida | (ii) | Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) |
| (C) | Bulbourethral glands | (iii) | Layer of the ovum |
| (D) | Leydig cells | (iv) | Lubrication of the penis |
(A)-(iv), (B)-(iii), (C)-(i), (D)-(ii)
(A)-(i), (B)-(iv), (C)-(ii), (D)-(iii)
(A)-(iii), (B)-(ii), (C)-(iv), (D)-(i)
(A)-(ii), (B)-(iii), (C)-(iv), (D)-(i)
Hormones secreted by the placenta to maintain pregnancy are [2018]
hCG, hPL, progestogens, prolactin
hCG, hPL, estrogens, relaxin, oxytocin
hCG, hPL, progestogens, estrogens
hCG, progestogens, estrogens, glucocorticoids
(3)
Placenta is temporary organ that helps in exchange of gases, nutrients and waste materials between mother and fetus. During pregnancy, placenta acts as an endocrine gland and secretes some hormones such as estrogen, progestogens, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), chorionic thyrotropin, chorionic corticotropin and relaxin.
The amnion of mammalian embryo is derived from [2018]
ectoderm and mesoderm
endoderm and mesoderm
mesoderm and trophoblast
ectoderm and endoderm
(1)
Amnion, in reptiles, birds and mammals is a membrane forming a fluid-filled cavity (the amniotic sac) that encloses the embryo. During development, the amnion arises by a folding of a mass of extra-embryonic tissue called the somatopleure. Lined with ectoderm and covered with mesoderm, the amnion contains a thin transparent fluid in which the embryo is suspended, thus providing a cushion against mechanical injury.
Match column I with column II and select the correct option using the given codes. [2016]
| Column I | Column II | ||
| A. | Mons pubis | (i) | Embryo formation |
| B. | Antrum | (ii) | Sperm |
| C. | Trophectoderm | (iii) | Female external genitalia |
| D. | Nebenkern | (iv) | Graafian follicle |
A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i)
A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)
A-(i), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(ii)
Several hormones like hCG, hPL, estrogen, progesterone are produced by [2016]
ovary
placenta
fallopian tube
pituitary
(2)
Placenta is temporary organ that helps in exchange of gases, nutrients and waste materials between mother and fetus. During pregnancy, placenta acts as an endocrine gland and secretes some hormones such as estrogen, progestogens, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), chorionic thyrotropin, chorionic corticotropin and relaxin.
Ectopic pregnancies are referred to as [2015]
implantation of defective embryo in the uterus
pregnancies terminated due to hormonal imbalance
pregnancies with genetic abnormality
implantation of embryo at site other than uterus
(4)
Ectopic pregnancy is a complication of pregnancy in which implantation of embryo takes place at site other than uterus. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. Most ectopic pregnancies (90%) occur in the fallopian tube, which are known as tubal pregnancies.
Select the correct option describing gonadotropin activity in a normal pregnant female. [2014, 2012]
High level of FSH and LH stimulates the thickening of endometrium.
High level of FSH and LH facilitates implantation of the embryo.
High level of hCG stimulates the synthesis of estrogen and progesterone.
High level of hCG stimulates the thickening of endometrium.
(3)
The trophoblastic cells secrete human chorionic gonadotropin hormone which has properties similar to those of luteinising hormone (LH) of the pituitary gland. It takes over the job of pituitary LH during pregnancy. The hCG maintains the corpus luteum and stimulates it to secrete progesterone. The latter maintains the endometrium of the uterus and causes it to grow throughout pregnancy. This also prevents menstruation. Progesterone also causes increased secretion of mucus in the cervix of the uterus that forms a protective plug during pregnancy.
